Measuring the quality of public transit system

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Ari Halttunen
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1 Measuring the quality of public transit system Tapani Särkkä/Matrex Oy Mervi Vatanen/Helsinki City Transport

2 Objectives and scope To develop a quality measuring system for Helsinki City Transport The system is based on the exact system description of the Helsinki Area public transit in Emme/2 (all the timetables and stops etc.). It is derived from the digital public transit database (JORE) The system measures the quality of the transit supply experienced by the passenger, as travel time, waiting, walking, transfers etc. A quality index will be calculated for the whole system and for the sub areas and for specific O/Dpairs The measure of the quality should be clear and understandable

3 Quality values and indices Quality values can be absolute or relative Number of boardings Travel time Distance traveled Traveling speed (distance/travel time) Ratio of travel times and speeds by car and public transit By O/D-pairs, by origin, by destination, scalar values, weighted, non-weighted Distributions Indices measure the change: From previous year Caused by system change

4 Inputs and outputs User Inputs: assignment frequency invehicle time weight walking weight waiting time weight Input Data: Supply 6:30-8:00 Supply 7:00-8:30 Demand 7:00-8:00 Supply 10:00-13:00 Demand 11:00-12:00 Supply 15:30-17:00 Supply 16:00 17:30 Demand 16:00-17:00 Supply 19:00 22:00 Demand 20:00-21:00 Q u a l i t y m e a s u r e m e n t Outputs: travel time early/late time Walking time Waiting time invehicle time Aux. transit time No. of boardings Travel distance Total transit costs speed Travel time weighted by demand Total transit costs weighted by demand Speed weighted by demand

5 Input and Output data files, programs JORE:n pysäkkikuvaus (pysakki.dat) muunnosohjelm a solmut.exe Emme/2:n solmutiedosto (emmesolmut.dat) JORE:n (reitti.dat) reittikuvaus muunnosohjelm a linkit.exe JORE:n pysäkkien ja Emme/2:n solmujen vastaavuudet (solmutunnus.dat) Emme/2:n linkkitiedosto (emmelinkit.dat) JORE:n aikataulukuvaus (aikat.dat) HKL:n solmutiedosto (HKLnodes.txt) muunnosohjelm a linjat.exe muunnosohjelm a konnektori.exe Emme/2:n linjastotiedosto (linjat.dat) JORE linjojen ja Emme/2 linjojen vastaavuudet (linjatunnus.dat) reitti.dat tiedostosta puuttuvat linkit (lisalinkit.txt) Emme/2:n konnektoritiedosto (connect.txt) HKL:n konnektoritiedosto (HKLcon.txt) HKL:n juna- ja metrosolmut (jmsolmut.dat) Input Data (JORE+HCT 741- network) ohjelma kavelylinkit.exe ohjelma jmkavely.exe Software Emme/2:n vaihtokävelylinkit (kavelylinkit.dat) HKL:n 741-verkon sentroidit (HKLcen.prn) Emme/2:n pitemmät vaihtokävelylinkit juna- ja metropysäkeille (jmkavelylinkit.dat) Output Data

6 Results Outputs: travel time early/late time Walking time Waiting time invehicle time Aux. transit time No. of boardings Travel distance Total transit costs speed Travel time weighted by demand Total transit costs weighted by demand Speed weighted by demand ENIF GIS Results: Average travel times by origin and destination zones, by time periods, weighted/not weighted by demand Average total travel costs by origin and destination zones, by time periods, weighted/not weighted by demand Average speeds by origin and destination zones, by time periods, weighted/not weighted by demand Aggregated values etc.

7 System values 2001 travel time (min) weighted travel time total transit costs weighted total transit costs speed (km/h) weighted speed (km/h) morning peak hour 59,50 39,55 97,08 61,49 19,23 17,59 daytime hour 56,32 34,29 91,88 58,36 20,45 16,19 afternoon peak hour 59,98 37,08 98,79 58,08 19,25 16,82 evening hour 57,21 34,92 94,93 59,45 20,76 16,66 morning peak hour daytime hour afternoon peak hour evening hour speed, shortest route (km/h) 15,32 16,18 15,19 15,93 weighted speed, shortest route (km) 14,65 13,07 14,03 13,19

8 Total transit costs vs. travel distance Zone numbering kysynnällä painotettu matkavaiva (min) kysynnällä painotettu matkan pituus (km) To tal tra ns it co sts/tra vl edista nce. Mo rnin g peak, weig ht ed by dema nd, aggre gate d ave ra ges.

9 Quality indices Travel time Weighted travel time Total transit costs Weighted transit costs Travel speed Weighted travel speed Morning peak 58,69 39,51 97,21 61,38 19,61 17, Morning peak 59,50 39,55 97,08 61,49 19,23 17, Absolute change 0,80 0,04-0,13 0,11-0,37-0,35 Relative change (%) 1,35 0,11-0,13 0,18-1,94-1,97

10 .Travel times in Helsinki region (zone average)

11 Average travel speeds by zones

12 Koivusaari metro, quality indices Koivusaari metro Travel time Weighted travel time Total costs transit Weighted total transit costs Average speed Weighted average speed Morning peak with Koivusaari station 58,57 39,06 95,58 61,28 19,43 17,60 Morning peak ,50 39,55 97,08 61,49 19,23 17,59 Change -0,93-0,49-1,50-0,21 0,20 0,01 Assumptions: constant demand (morning peak), bus/metro transfers at Koivusaari station (no direct lines to the city center)

13 Koivusaari; relative changes in travel speed (%)

14 Koivusaari; relative changes in total transit costs (%)

15 Conclusions and further work The deterministic assignment is very powerful and suitable tool for the measurement of quality related topics in public transit 1 to 1 correspondence to the real World the results are valid ENIF is an essential presentation tool grid based data - grid-gis ENIF Dimensions of Emme/2 limit the application headways vary during the day, many sub lines needed: number of segments! Refined definition of quality of supply public transit and other modes from quantitative to qualitative

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( ( OX2 Perkkiö. Rakennuskanta. Varjostus. 9 x N131 x HH145

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