FSD1140. Juvenile Delinquency in Finland Codebook

Transkriptio

1 FSD1140 Juvenile Delinquency in Finland 1996 Codebook FINNISH SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVE

2 c Finnish Social Science Data Archive, 2001 The bibliographic citation for this codebook: Juvenile Delinquency in Finland 1996 [codebook]. Tampere : Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor], This codebook has been generated from the version 1.0 ( ) of the data. Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. Variable frequencies, variable and value labels, and missing values are checked. If necessary, the data are anonymised. Finnish Social Science Data Archive FIN University of Tampere FSD User Services: asiakaspalvelu.fsd@uta.fi Aila Data Service Portal: Finnish Social Science Data Archive Typeset by L A TEX $ Koodikirjoitin.py :19: $

3 To the reader This codebook is part of the data FSD1140 archived at the FSD (Finnish Social Science Data Archive). The source must be acknowledged in any publication based wholly or in part on the data. The bibliographic citation may be in the form required by the publication, or in the form suggested by the archive. The bibliographic citation suggested by the archive: Aromaa, Kauko & Kivivuori, Janne: Juvenile Delinquency in Finland 1996 [computer file]. FSD1140, version 1.0 ( ). Helsinki: National Research Institute of Legal Policy [producer], Tampere: Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor], The depositor and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the secondary use of the data. The archive must be informed of all publications where the data have been used. The beginning of the codebook contains information on data content, structure and collection, and includes a list of publications where the data have been used. The second part of the codebook contains information on variables: question texts, response options, and frequencies. The third part contains indexes. Variable distributions presented in this codebook have been generated from the SPSS files. Distribution tables present variable values, frequencies (n), frequency percents (%), and valid percents (v. %) which take into account missing data. All distributions are unweighted. If the data contain weight variables, these will be found at the end of the variables list. In some cases frequency distributions have been substituted by descriptive statistics. Distributions may contain missing data. The note "System missing (SYSMIS)" refers to missing observations (e.g. a respondent has not answered all questions) whereas "Missing (User missing)" refers to data the user has defined as missing. For example, the user may decide to code answer alternatives don t want to say or can t say ) as missing data. This codebook has been produced automatically with Python, L A TEXand dvipdfm software. Source files include data description files in DDI format, and SPSS files.

4

5 Contents 1 Study description Titles Subject description Structure and collection of the data Use of data Variables 7 3 Indexes Variables in the order of occurrence Variables in alphabetical order A naire in Finnish 119 i

6

7 Chapter 1 Study description 1.1 Titles Title of the study: Juvenile Delinquency in Finland 1996 Title of the study in Finnish: Nuorisorikollisuus 1996 Alternative title: The Finnish Self-Report Delinquency Study 1996 This codebook has been generated from the version 1.0 ( ) of the data. Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. Variable frequencies, variable and value labels, and missing values are checked. If necessary, the data are anonymised. 1.2 Subject description Other material naire: pdf file in Finnish Authoring entity Aromaa, Kauko (National Research Institute of Legal Policy) Kivivuori, Janne (National Research Institute of Legal Policy) Copyright statement for the data According to an agreement between FSD and the depositor Depositor Aromaa, Kauko (National Research Institute of Legal Policy) Kivivuori, Janne (National Research Institute of Legal Policy) 1

8 1. Study description Date of deposit Keywords adolescents; crime; criminal damage; drug abuse; juvenile delinquency; offences; punishment; shoplifting; theft; vandalism; violence; youth Topic Classification Classification by FSD vocabulary: criminology; science of law; sociology; youth studies Classification by CESSDA vocabulary: crime; youth Series description The data belong to the series: Juvenile Delinquency in Finland The National Research Institute of Legal Policy launched a long-term research project in spring 1995 to study young people s criminal and forbidden activities. In these surveys, information has been gathered with the self-report method: the participants, 9th grade students from different parts of Finland, have answered anonymously to questions about their own criminal or forbidden activities. The survey series is also known under the name of the Finnish Self-Report Delinquency Study (FSRD). Abstract The survey studied the extent, frequency, and nature of self-reported offending among young Finns. The main topics were truancy, running away from home, fare evasion, driving without a license, making graffiti on the walls, vandalism at school, vandalism outside of school, stealing from a store or a kiosk, stealing phase, stealing from school, stealing from home, buying stolen goods, bullying, taking part in a fight, beating up somebody, use of a soft drug, use of pills and drunken driving. The respondents were asked whether they had ever been involved in any of these activities and if so, and the activities were illegal, whether the police had become aware of what had happened. In addition, the respondents were asked when they had started the activity in question, and whether they had been involved in it during the past year. If the respondents answered in the affirmative, they were asked if they had been alone or with somebody at the moment, and whether they had been caught. The respondents were also asked topic-related questions like what they stole from a store, or what was the reason for bullying. In the survey, all respondents were asked about their opinions about various propositions. Among others, the following topics were dealt with: mitigating punishment due to circumstances, normalcy of illegal activities in puberty, causes of criminality and the seriousness of 2

9 1.3. Structure and collection of the data petty theft as a crime. Furthermore, the respondents were asked whether they would in the future do some or any of the following forbidden things: truancy, fare evasion, petty theft, theft, mild assault and battery, or use of a soft drug. The respondents were also asked whether they thought it was normal that a young person breaks the rules set by their parents, the rules of the school, or the law. In the survey, the respondents were also asked about the severity of various punishments (house arrest, imprisonment, fine) in a situation where a young person had broken the law. Background variables included the respondent s gender, age, employment, how R liked going to school, how many times R had had to repeat a year in school, location of school, professions of the parents and their current employment situation, family relationships, use of money, leisure time activities and company, use of alcohol, and smoking. 1.3 Structure and collection of the data Country: Finland Geographic coverage: Finland Unit of analysis: Individual Universe: 9th grade students (aged 15-16) in Finnish-speaking municipal comprehensive schools Collection date: April 1996 May 1996 Data collector: National Research Institute of Legal Policy (National Research Institute of Legal Policy) Data producer: (National Research Institute of Legal Policy) Mode of data collection: Guided questionnaire. A self-report method has been used in the survey. Type of research instrument: Structured questionnaire Time period covered: 1996 Time method of the data collection: Longitudinal: Trend/Repeated cross-section Response rate: 91% Number of variables and cases: The data contain 245 variables and 4204 cases. Sampling procedure: Finland was first divided into 12 regions, provinces and metropolitan area of Helsinki. In each province, an urban municipality, a densely populated municipality and a rural municipality was chosen. Two schools from the metropolitan area of Helsinki, one school from Espoo. and one from Vantaa were picked to the sample. From Southern Finland, Middle Finland and Northern Finland, one school from an urban, a densely populated municipality and a rural municipality were picked to the sample. 3

10 1. Study description 1.4 Use of data Data appraisal Open-ended questions whose answers have not been classified have been left out from the matrix. Related publications Kivivuori, Janne (1997b). Kouluun kohdistetun kontrollikritiikin arviointia. Nuorisotutkimus, 15(3), Kivivuori, Janne (1997). Nuoret rikosten tekijöinä. Tekojen yleisyys, rikollisuuden ymmärtäminen ja varastamisen vaiheet. Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos. Oikeuspoliittisen tutkimuslaitoksen julkaisuja; 141. Kivivuori, Janne (1999). Nuorten rikoskäyttäytyminen Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos. Oikeuspoliittisen tutkimuslaitoksen julkaisuja; 161. Kivivuori, Janne & Karvonen, Sakari & Rimpelä, Matti (2001). Nuorten rikoskäyttäytymisen yleisyys kyselyjen valossa. Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos. Oikeuspoliittisen tutkimuslaitoksen tutkimustiedonantoja; 54. Kivivuori, Janne & Salmi, Venla (2005). Nuorten rikoskäyttäytyminen : teemana sosiaalinen pääoma. Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos. Oikeuspoliittisen tutkimuslaitoksen julkaisuja; 214. Nuoret rikosten tekijöinä ja uhreina (2002). Toim. Janne Kivivuori. Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos Oikeuspoliittisen tutkimuslaitoksen julkaisuja; 188. Nuorten rikoskäyttäytyminen ja uhrikokemukset: Nuorisorikollisuuskyselyiden tuloksia (2009). Toim. Salmi, Venla. Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos. Oikeuspoliittisen tutkimuslaitoksen tutkimuksia; 246. Salmi, Venla (2008). Nuorten rikoskäyttäytyminen [verkkodokumentti]. Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos. Oikeuspoliittisen tutkimuslaitoksen verkkokatsauksia; 9/ [viitattu ]. Updated list of publications in the study description at Location of the data collection Finnish Social Science Data Archive Weighting There are no weight variables in the data. 4

11 1.4. Use of data Special Permissions Users of the data shall send the Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy a copy of all reports, articles, other publications or unpublished theses based on or using the data. The copies shall be sent to the mail address: Department of Social Research, Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy, Janne Kivivuori, P.O. Box 10, FI University of Helsinki, FINLAND. Restrictions The dataset is available for research and for Master s, licentiate and doctoral theses. 5

12

13 Chapter 2 Variables [FSD_NO] FSD study number FSD study number Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 4204 minimum maximum mean standard deviation 0.00 [FSD_VR] FSD edition number FSD edition number Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 4204 minimum 1.00 maximum 1.00 mean 1.00 standard deviation

14 2. Variables [FSD_PRO] FSD processing level Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. Variable frequencies, filter variables, variable and value labels, and missing values are checked. If necessary, the data are anonymised. A (see codebook) 1 B (see codebook) C (data hasn t been checked at FSD) [FSD_ID] FSD case id FSD case id Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 4204 minimum 1.00 maximum mean standard deviation [Q1] Case number Case number Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 4204 (continued on next page) 8

15 Q3 (cont. from previous page) statistic value minimum 1.00 maximum mean standard deviation [Q2] Type of municipality Type of municipality urban municipality densely populated municipality rural municipality [Q3] Province Province Metropolitan area: Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo Province of Uusimaa Province of Turku and Pori Province of Häme Province of Kymi Province of Mikkeli Province of Kuopio Province of Pohjois-Karjala Province of Vaasa Province of Keski-Suomi Province of Oulu (continued on next page) 9

16 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) Province of Lappi [Q4] School School Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 4204 minimum 1.00 maximum mean standard deviation [Q5] Did the school participate in the 1995 survey? Did the school participate in the 1995 survey? yes no [Q7] Class type Class type 10

17 Q10 normal class observation class or some other special group class System missing (SYSMIS) [Q8] Gender Gender female male System missing (SYSMIS) [Q9] Age Age Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 4178 minimum maximum mean standard deviation 0.51 [Q10] Works in addition to going to school? Works in addition to going to school? 11

18 2. Variables no yes, about hours per week System missing (SYSMIS) [Q11] Working hours per week Working hours per week written response System missing (SYSMIS)

19 Q14 [Q12] Likes going to school? Likes going to school? always generally sometimes no System missing (SYSMIS) [Q13] Is being diligent important? Is being diligent important? no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q14] Has had to repeat a year at school? Has had to repeat a year at school? no yes, how many times? (continued on next page) 13

20 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) System missing (SYSMIS) [Q15] Number of repeated years Number of repeated years Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 107 minimum 1.00 maximum 9.00 mean 1.14 standard deviation 0.87 [Q16] Does father work? Does father work? yes no, unemployed no, retired no, deceased no, student other, what? System missing (SYSMIS) [Q17] Father s occupation Father s occupation 14

21 Q19 self-employed upper level salaried employee lower level salaried employee worker student farmer or farmer s wife SES unknown System missing (SYSMIS) [Q18] Does mother work? Does mother work? yes no, unemployed no, retired no, deceased no, student no, housewife other, what? System missing (SYSMIS) [Q19] Mother s occupation Mother s occupation self-employed (continued on next page) 15

22 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) upper level salaried employee lower level salaried employee worker student farmer or farmer s wife SES unknown System missing (SYSMIS) [Q20] Gets on well with father? Gets on well with father? always generally sometimes never System missing (SYSMIS) [Q21] Gets on well with mother? Gets on well with mother? always generally sometimes never System missing (SYSMIS) (continued on next page) 16

23 Q24 (cont. from previous page) [Q22] Does father know which friends spends spare time with? Does father know which friends spends spare time with? always generally sometimes never System missing (SYSMIS) [Q23] Does mother know which friends spends spare time with? Does mother know which friends spends spare time with? always generally sometimes never System missing (SYSMIS) [Q24] Do parents give punishments? Do parents give punishments? 17

24 2. Variables always generally sometimes never System missing (SYSMIS) [Q25] Most severe punishment received Most severe punishment received corporal punishment house arrest/being grounded not receiving weekly or any other pocket money oral reprimand have never received any of these punishments System missing (SYSMIS) [Q26] Spends spare time alone? Spends spare time alone? always generally sometimes never System missing (SYSMIS)

25 Q29 [Q27] Members of the household Members of the household father + mother father + mother + siblings single parent mother + siblings single parent father + siblings single parent mother single parent father other family type System missing (SYSMIS) [Q28] How much money spends in a week How much money spends in a week Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 4100 minimum maximum mean standard deviation [Q29] Participation in supervised activity Participation in supervised activity 19

26 2. Variables no yes, hours per week System missing (SYSMIS) [Q30] Supervised activity hours per week Supervised activity hours per week written response (continued on next page) 20

27 Q33 (cont. from previous page) System missing (SYSMIS) [Q31] Girlfriend/boyfriend Girlfriend/boyfriend yes no System missing (SYSMIS) [Q32] Use of alcohol Use of alcohol at least once a week times a month less often than once a month never System missing (SYSMIS) [Q33] Has ever been drunk? Has ever been drunk? 21

28 2. Variables never yes, in the past year about times System missing (SYSMIS) [Q34] Number of times drunk in a year Number of times drunk in a year Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 4184 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 8.27 standard deviation [Q35] Smoking Smoking at least once a week times a month less often than once a month never System missing (SYSMIS) [Q36] Truancy Truancy 22

29 Q39 no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q37] When began (truancy) When began (truancy) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q38] Truancy (in the past year) Truancy (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 2411 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 5.34 standard deviation [Q39] Number of days truant Number of days truant 23

30 2. Variables written response System missing (SYSMIS) [Q40] Number of participants (truancy) Number of participants (truancy) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1827 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 1.80 standard deviation 3.43 [Q41] Got caught? (truancy) Got caught? (truancy) 24

31 Q44 no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q42] Running away from home Running away from home no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q43] When began (running away) When began (running away) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q44] Running away (in the past year) Running away (in the past year) 25

32 2. Variables Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 519 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 6.61 standard deviation [Q45] Number of nights away (running away) Number of nights away (running away) written response System missing (SYSMIS) [Q46] Where spent most of his/her time (running away) Where spent most of his/her time (running away) 26

33 Q49 at a friend s house at the house of a relative somewhere else System missing (SYSMIS) [Q47] Number of participants (running away) Number of participants (running away) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 326 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 5.19 standard deviation 6.42 [Q48] Got caught? (running away) Got caught? (running away) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q49] Using public transport without paying Using public transport without paying 27

34 2. Variables no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q50] When began (using public transport without paying) When began (using public transport without paying) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q51] Using public transport without paying (in the past year) Using public transport without paying (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1420 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 4.36 standard deviation [Q52] Fare prize (using public transport without paying) Fare prize (using public transport without paying) Descriptive statistics 28

35 Q54 statistic value number of valid cases 851 minimum 0.00 maximum mean standard deviation [Q53] Which means of transport (using public transport without paying) Which means of transport (using public transport without paying) bus train underground/subway tram a combination of the above other System missing (SYSMIS) [Q54] Number of participants (using public transport without paying) Number of participants (using public transport without paying) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 870 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 4.05 standard deviation

36 2. Variables [Q55] Did it happen on the way to school? (using public transport without paying) Did it happen on the way to school? (using public transport without paying) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q56] Got caught? (using public transport without paying) Got caught? (using public transport without paying) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q57] Driving without a licence Driving without a licence no yes System missing (SYSMIS) (continued on next page) 30

37 Q60 (cont. from previous page) [Q58] When began (driving without a licence) When began (driving without a licence) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q59] Was the police notified? (driving without a licence) Was the police notified? (driving without a licence) no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q60] Driving without a licence (in the past year) Driving without a licence (in the past year) Descriptive statistics 31

38 2. Variables statistic value number of valid cases 1381 minimum 0.00 maximum mean standard deviation [Q61] Driving what vehicle? (driving without a licence) Driving what vehicle? (driving without a licence) motorcycle or scooter car motorcycle + car moped other System missing (SYSMIS) [Q62] Number of participants (driving without a licence) Number of participants (driving without a licence) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1029 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 2.85 standard deviation 5.53 [Q63] Got caught? (driving without a licence) Got caught? (driving without a licence) 32

39 Q66 no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q64] Graffiti Graffiti no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q65] When began (doing graffiti) When began (doing graffiti) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q66] Was the police notified? (doing graffiti) Was the police notified? (doing graffiti) 33

40 2. Variables no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q67] Doing graffiti (in the past year) Doing graffiti (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1451 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 4.71 standard deviation [Q68] When? (doing graffiti) When? (doing graffiti) on the way to school during the lesson at school during the break on weeknight during the term at weekend during the term during vacation System missing (SYSMIS)

41 Q71 [Q69] Number of participants (doing graffiti) Number of participants (doing graffiti) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 775 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 3.20 standard deviation 5.56 [Q70] Got caught? (doing graffiti) Got caught? (doing graffiti) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q71] Vandalism at school Vandalism at school no yes System missing (SYSMIS)

42 2. Variables [Q72] When began (vandalism at school) When began (vandalism at school) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q73] Was the police notified (vandalism at school) Was the police notified (vandalism at school) no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q74] Vandalism at school (in the past year) Vandalism at school (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 986 minimum 0.00 (continued on next page) 36

43 Q76 (cont. from previous page) statistic value maximum mean 2.58 standard deviation [Q75] Vandalised object (vandalism at school) Vandalised object (vandalism at school) desk wall window sports equipment toilet other System missing (SYSMIS) [Q76] When? (vandalism at school) When? (vandalism at school) on the way to school during the break at school during the lesson on weeknight during the term at weekend during the term during vacation System missing (SYSMIS)

44 2. Variables [Q77] Number of participants (vandalism at school) Number of participants (vandalism at school) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 514 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 3.36 standard deviation 7.23 [Q78] Got caught? (vandalism at school) Got caught? (vandalism at school) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q79] Vandalism outside school Vandalism outside school no yes System missing (SYSMIS)

45 Q82 [Q80] When began (vandalism outside school) When began (vandalism outside school) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q81] Was the police notified? (vandalism outside school) Was the police notified? (vandalism outside school) no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q82] Vandalism outside school (in the past year) Vandalism outside school (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1318 minimum 0.00 (continued on next page) 39

46 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) statistic value maximum mean 2.95 standard deviation [Q83] Vandalised object (vandalism outside school) Vandalised object (vandalism outside school) bus shelter bus or train seat bicycle other streetlight(s) window trees, plants, flowers combination System missing (SYSMIS) [Q84] When? (vandalism outside school) When? (vandalism outside school) on the way to school during the break at school during the lesson on weeknight during the term at weekend during the term during vacation (continued on next page) 40

47 Q86 (cont. from previous page) combination System missing (SYSMIS) [Q85] Owner of the vandalised object (vandalism outside school) Owner of the vandalised object (vandalism outside school) city or municipality state railways other transport company other teacher stranger don t know combination System missing (SYSMIS) [Q86] Number of participants (vandalism outside school) Number of participants (vandalism outside school) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 663 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 3.98 standard deviation

48 2. Variables [Q87] Got caught? (vandalism outside school) Got caught? (vandalism outside school) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q88] Shoplifting (meaning here stealing from a shop or a kiosk) Shoplifting (meaning here stealing from a shop or a kiosk) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q89] When began (shoplifting) When began (shoplifting) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS)

49 Q92 [Q90] Was the police notified? (shoplifting) Was the police notified? (shoplifting) no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q91] Shoplifting (in the past year) Shoplifting (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 2347 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 2.73 standard deviation [Q92] Stole from where? (shoplifting) Stole from where? (shoplifting) from a grocery from a kiosk/stall (continued on next page) 43

50 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) from a department store other shop System missing (SYSMIS) [Q93] When? (shoplifting) When? (shoplifting) on the way to school during the break on weeknight during the term at weekend during the term during vacation System missing (SYSMIS) [Q94] Stole what? (shoplifting) Stole what? (shoplifting) sweets food cigarettes alcohol makeup & trinkets/jewellery clothes hobby/recreation equipment electronics (continued on next page) 44

51 Q96 (cont. from previous page) journals & books recordings (cd, cassette etc.) other combination of the above System missing (SYSMIS) [Q95] Value of the stolen object (shoplifting) Value of the stolen object (shoplifting) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 756 minimum maximum mean standard deviation [Q96] Number of participants (shoplifting) Number of participants (shoplifting) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 779 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 2.31 standard deviation

52 2. Variables [Q97] Got caught? (shoplifting) Got caught? (shoplifting) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q98] The last phase of stealing The last phase of stealing no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q99] Number of stealing phases altogether Number of stealing phases altogether one two three or more System missing (SYSMIS)

53 Q102 [Q100] Age when this phase began (latest stealing phase) Age when this phase began (latest stealing phase) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 924 minimum 0.00 maximum mean standard deviation 2.12 [Q101] Age when this phase ended (latest stealing phase) Age when this phase ended (latest stealing phase) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 900 minimum 1.00 maximum mean standard deviation 3.44 [Q102] The duration of phase in weeks (latest stealing phase) The duration of phase in weeks (latest stealing phase) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 903 minimum 0.00 (continued on next page) 47

54 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) statistic value maximum mean standard deviation [Q103] Number of thefts during the phase (latest stealing phase) Number of thefts during the phase (latest stealing phase) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 908 minimum maximum mean standard deviation [Q104] Favourite object when stealing? (latest stealing phase) Favourite object when stealing? (latest stealing phase) sweets food cigarettes alcohol makeup & trinkets/jewellery clothes hobby/recreation equipment electronics journals & books recordings (cd, cassette etc.) other (continued on next page) 48

55 Q106 (cont. from previous page) combination of the above System missing (SYSMIS) [Q105] Reason for this phase (latest stealing phase) Reason for this phase (latest stealing phase) lack of money excitement caused by stealing pressure from friends compulsive need to steal desire to experience something new some other reason, what have circled (ticked) several values System missing (SYSMIS) [Q106] Reason for ending this phase (latest stealing phase) Reason for ending this phase (latest stealing phase) was caught red-handed, ie. in the act of stealing parents found out got tired of stealing negative attitude of a friend other reason, what have circled (ticked) several values friend(s) got caught (continued on next page) 49

56 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) fear of getting caught came to my senses, got wise, grew up System missing (SYSMIS) [Q107] Stealing from school Stealing from school no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q108] When began (stealing from school) When began (stealing from school) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q109] Was the police notified? (stealing from school) Was the police notified? (stealing from school) 50

57 Q111 no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q110] Stealing from school (in the past year) Stealing from school (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 2085 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 1.86 standard deviation 4.86 [Q111] Stole what? (stealing from school) Stole what? (stealing from school) pens, erasers, exercise books ruler, scissors, glues journals & books electronics (eg. video) sports equipment money musical instrument other combination of the above (continued on next page) 51

58 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) sweets System missing (SYSMIS) [Q112] Value of the stolen object (stealing from school) Value of the stolen object (stealing from school) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1010 minimum maximum mean standard deviation [Q113] Owner of the stolen object (stealing from school) Owner of the stolen object (stealing from school) school another pupil teacher stranger other System missing (SYSMIS) [Q114] Number of participants (stealing from school) Number of participants (stealing from school) 52

59 Q117 Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1087 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 2.04 standard deviation 3.97 [Q115] Got caught? (stealing from school) Got caught? (stealing from school) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q116] Stealing from home Stealing from home no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q117] When began (stealing from home) When began (stealing from home) 53

60 2. Variables this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q118] Stealing from home (in the past year) Stealing from home (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1564 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 4.07 standard deviation [Q119] Stole what? (stealing from home) Stole what? (stealing from home) money cigarettes alcohol sweets food money and cigarettes money and alcohol money, cigarettes and alcohol other (continued on next page) 54

61 Q121 (cont. from previous page) combination of the above cigarettes and alcohol System missing (SYSMIS) [Q120] Value of the stolen object (stealing from home) Value of the stolen object (stealing from home) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 866 minimum maximum mean standard deviation [Q121] Owner of the stolen object (stealing from home) Owner of the stolen object (stealing from home) parents father mother sister or brother someone else System missing (SYSMIS)

62 2. Variables [Q122] Number of participants (stealing from home) Number of participants (stealing from home) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 906 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 1.12 standard deviation 1.74 [Q123] Got caught? (stealing from home) Got caught? (stealing from home) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q124] Buying stolen goods Buying stolen goods no yes System missing (SYSMIS)

63 Q127 [Q125] When began (buying stolen goods) When began (buying stolen goods) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q126] Was the police notified (buying stolen goods) Was the police notified (buying stolen goods) no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q127] Buying stolen goods (in the past year) Buying stolen goods (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 825 minimum 0.00 (continued on next page) 57

64 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) statistic value maximum mean 1.47 standard deviation 4.70 [Q128] Bought what? (buying stolen goods) Bought what? (buying stolen goods) sweets food cigarettes alcohol make-up and/or jewellery/trinkets clothes hobby/recreation equipment electronics bicycle moped or moped parts recordings drugs other combination of the above System missing (SYSMIS) [Q129] Paid how much? (buying stolen goods) Paid how much? (buying stolen goods) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 442 (continued on next page) 58

65 Q132 (cont. from previous page) statistic value minimum 0.00 maximum mean standard deviation [Q130] The real value of the stolen object? (buying stolen goods) The real value of the stolen object? (buying stolen goods) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 434 minimum maximum mean standard deviation [Q131] Number of participants (buying stolen goods) Number of participants (buying stolen goods) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 450 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 1.69 standard deviation 2.93 [Q132] Got caught? (buying stolen goods) Got caught? (buying stolen goods) 59

66 2. Variables no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q133] Motor vehicle theft Motor vehicle theft no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q134] When began (motor vehicle theft) When began (motor vehicle theft) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q135] Was the police notified? (motor vehicle theft) Was the police notified? (motor vehicle theft) 60

67 Q138 no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q136] Car thefts (in the past year) Car thefts (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 133 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 5.04 standard deviation [Q137] Number of participants (motor vehicle theft) Number of participants (motor vehicle theft) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 57 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 3.96 standard deviation 6.52 [Q138] Got caught? (motor vehicle theft) Got caught? (motor vehicle theft) 61

68 2. Variables no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q139] Bullying at school Bullying at school no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q140] When began (bullying) When began (bullying) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q141] Bullying at school (in the past year) Bullying at school (in the past year) 62

69 Q144 Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 2226 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 4.12 standard deviation [Q142] Bullying method (bullying) Bullying method (bullying) mental physical mental and physical System missing (SYSMIS) [Q143] Reason: overweight (bullying) Reason: overweight (bullying) ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q144] Reason: stupidity (bullying) Reason: stupidity (bullying) 63

70 2. Variables ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q145] Reason: clothes (bullying) Reason: clothes (bullying) ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q146] Reason: relationship with teachers (bullying) Reason: relationship with teachers (bullying) ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q147] Reason: speech defect (bullying) Reason: speech defect (bullying) 64

71 Q150 ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q148] Reason: irritating person (bullying) Reason: irritating person (bullying) ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q149] Reason: foreign origins (bullying) Reason: foreign origins (bullying) ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q150] Reason: religion (bullying) Reason: religion (bullying) 65

72 2. Variables ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q151] Reason: success at school (bullying) Reason: success at school (bullying) ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q152] Reason: political views (bullying) Reason: political views (bullying) ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q153] Reason: physical disability (bullying) Reason: physical disability (bullying) 66

73 Q156 ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q154] Reason: other (bullying) Reason: other (bullying) ticked/circled not ticked/circled System missing (SYSMIS) [Q155] Number of participants (bullying) Number of participants (bullying) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 869 minimum 1.00 maximum mean 3.17 standard deviation 5.00 [Q156] Got caught? (bullying) Got caught? (bullying) 67

74 2. Variables no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q157] Caught how? (bullying) Caught how? (bullying) teacher witnessed the bullying victim reported to a teacher another pupil reported to a teacher victim told his/her parents another pupil told his/her parents otherwise combination System missing (SYSMIS) [Q158] Received punishment? (bullying) Received punishment? (bullying) no yes yes, cited punishment System missing (SYSMIS)

75 Q161 [Q159] Participation in a fight Participation in a fight no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q160] When began (participation in a fight) When began (participation in a fight) this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q161] Was the police notified? (participation in a fight) Was the police notified? (participation in a fight) no yes don t know (continued on next page) 69

76 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) System missing (SYSMIS) [Q162] Participation in a fight (in the past year) Participation in a fight (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1094 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 1.50 standard deviation 5.90 [Q163] Caused damages? (participation in a fight) Caused damages? (participation in a fight) no yes, to property yes, to person(s) yes, to person(s) and property System missing (SYSMIS) [Q164] Number of participants (participation in a fight) Number of participants (participation in a fight) 70

77 Q167 Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 539 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 3.77 standard deviation 8.80 [Q165] Got caught? (participation in a fight) Got caught? (participation in a fight) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q166] Assault (=beating up somebody) Assault (=beating up somebody) no yes System missing (SYSMIS) [Q167] When began (assault) When began (assault) 71

78 2. Variables this year in in 1994 or earlier System missing (SYSMIS) [Q168] Was the police notified? (assault) Was the police notified? (assault) no yes don t know System missing (SYSMIS) [Q169] Assaults (in the past year) Assaults (in the past year) Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 565 minimum 0.00 maximum mean 1.15 standard deviation 2.94 [Q170] Did the victim need treatment? (assault) Did the victim need treatment? (assault) 72