SALUTOGENIC AND USER-CENTRED APPROACH FOR WORKPLACE DESIGN Virpi Ruohomäki, PhD, Senior Reseacher Virpi.ruohomaki@ttl.fi
Content 1. Workspaces promoting well-being 2. Salutogenic approach 3. Dimensions of workspaces that promote well-being 4. User-centred and participatory design 5. References and more information 16.3.2016 Virpi Ruohomäki
We shape our buildings thereafter they shape us Winston Churchill
Physical, virtual and social spaces 16.3.2016 Virpi Ruohomäki
Workspaces promoting well-being New salutogenic approach for workplace design: one that promotes users health and well-being. The term salutogenesis focus on factors that support human health and well-being, rather than factors that causes diseases. The build environment affects human well-being and this in turn influences their effectiveness in the workplace. According to the recent research, good quality of in work environment is able to support health, well-being and productivity of employees. High-quality environmental design is an investment, as occupants are healthier, productivity is higher and sustainability ideals are more likely to be met. Intelligent Building International, Special Issue: Workspaces promoting well-being, 7(4) 2015 Guest Editors: Kari Reijula, Marjaana Lahtinen & Virpi Ruohomäki
Salutogenic approach Theoretical, conceptual and value-based core of modern health promotion (Antonovsky 1987, 1996) Process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health Conditions that facilitate healthy behaviour Sense of coherence, seeing the world as making sense Perceiving the environment as comprehensive, manageable and meaningful
Health and healthy workplace Health is a state of optimal physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity. A healthy workplace is one in which workers and managers collaborate to use a continual improvement process to protect and promote the health, safety and well-being of all workers and the sustainability of the workplace. Definitions by the World Health Organisation (WHO) 2010
Well-being at work Well-being at work means safe, healthy and productive work in a well-led organisation, by competent workers and work communities who see their jobs as meaningful and rewarding, and see work as a factor that supports their life management. Definition by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) 2008
Salutogenic and user-centred approach Extensive attention to users of spaces Focus on user s activities, needs and experiences Focus on human health and well-being Interactive role of users in their indoor environment More attention to positive impacts of indoor environment Ruohomäki, Lahtinen & Reijula 2015
What are dimensions of workspaces that promote well-being? Functional dimension Social dimension Psychological dimension Physical space Virtual space Healthiness and safety
Healthiness and safety Good indoor environment Fresh thermal comfort Clean indoor air Good natural lighting Acoustic quality and low noise level
Functional dimension of workspace Facilitates orientation Is ergonomic and accessible to all users Supports work tasks and work processes
Social dimension of workspace Sense of belonging Flow of information Promotes communication and collaboration Supports mutual learning Supports group tasks, teamwork and innovations
Psychological dimension of workspace Respects privacy; reflects the regulation of interaction with other people, mental concentration and avoidance of distractions and interruptions Respects personal need of space; sense of individual and group territory Strengthens sense of control; over workspace, tasks, methods, schedules, choice Work engagement and flow Restorative environments
Dimensions of workspaces that promote well-being Ruohomäki, Lahtinen & Reijula 2015
Workspace that promotes human well-being has a good indoor environment supports work tasks and work process is ergonomic and accessible to all respects privacy and the personal need for space strengthens sense of control enhances work flow and work engagement enables communication, collaboration and mutual learning. Ruohomäki, Lahtinen & Reijula 2015
What kind of modern office solutions (multispace or activity based office) could support human well-being and enable effective knowledge work? Photo: Leena Aalto, FIOH Photo: TOTI-project, FIOH
User-centred and participatory workplace design User-centred or human-centred design means attention to needs of the users at each stage of the design process Participatory design means active participation of users of in the design process Key when aiming at work environments that support well-being of users and organisational productivity 16.3.2016 Virpi Ruohomäki
Success factors of workplace design process Analysis of the organization, work processes and user s work demands Clear objectives Management commitment and support Adequate project organization and responsibilities Coordination between facility management, human resources management and ICT specialists Good change management Well-structured implementation Training of users Follow-up Continuous communication Lahtinen, Ruohomäki & Reijula 2015
Video Senate Properties Multi-space office (in Finnish text in English) http://www.senaatti.fi/fi/senaatti/uutishuone/aineistopankki/videot
Recent international publications Lahtinen, M., Ruohomäki, V., Haapakangas, A. & Reijula, K. (2015) Developmental needs of workplace design practices. Intelligent Buildings International, 7(4), 198-214. Reijula, K., Lahtinen, M. & Ruohomäki, V. (2015) Workspaces are intelligent if they can promote health and well-being. Editorials of the Special Issue. Intelligent Buildings International, 7(4), 161-163. Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M. & Reijula, K. (2015) Salutogenic and user-centred approach for workplace design. Intelligent Building International, 7(4), 184-197 Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M., Joutsiniemi, A., Airaksinen, M., Tuominen, P., Kekäläinen, P. & Porkka, J. (2015) Human & Green Workplace Design in the University. In: Nenonen et al. (eds.) Oppiva kampus - How to co-create campus, p. 166-181. Tampere: Suomen Yliopistokiinteistöt, Juvenes Print. Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen. M., Haapakangas, A. & Reijula, K. (2014) Workplace Needs and Experiences of University Staff. In: O. Broberg, N. Fallentin, P. Hasle, P.L. Jensen, A. Kabel, M.E. Larsen, T. Weller (Eds.) 11 th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management. 46 th Annual Nordic Ergonomics Society Conference. Conference Proceedings, Vol. 2, p. 705-710. Reijula, J., Nevala, N., Lahtinen, M., Ruohomäki, V. & Reijula, K. (2014) Lean design improves both healthcare facilities and processes: a literature review. Intelligent Buildings International. Published online 03 April 2014. Lahtinen, M., Nenonen, S., Rasila, H., Lehtelä, J., Ruohomäki, V. & Reijula, K. (2014) Rehabilitation centers in change: participatory methods for managing redesign and renovation. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 7 (2), 57-75. 16.3.2016 Virpi Ruohomäki
Recent publications in Finnish Lahtinen, M., Ruohomäki, V. & Reijula, K. (2015) Uusista toimistoratkaisuista ja tilamuutoksista tarvitaan tutkimustietoa. Työelämän tutkimus lehti 13(1), 72-79. Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M., Joutsiniemi, A., Tuominen, P. & Airaksinen, M. (2015) Human & Green toimintamalli sisäympäristöjen kehittämiseen. SIY raportti 33, Aalto yliopisto ja Sisäilmayhdistys, s. 155-160. Ruohomäki, V. (2015) Ihmisten johtaminen turbulenssissa. Eurooppalaista työ- ja organisaatiopsykologiaa. Psykologia 50(5), 388-391. Airaksinen, M., Holopainen, R., Tuomaala, P., Piippo, J., Piira, K., Saari, M., Antson, A., Ruotsalainen, R., Joutsiniemi, A., Mathlin, M., Haapakangas, A., Ruohomäki, V. Lahtinen, M. (2013) Mitattu, mallinnettu ja koettu lämpöviihtyvyys toimistohuoneessa. SIY raportti 31, Aalto yliopisto ja Sisäilmayhdistys, s. 259-264. Joutsiniemi, A., Mathlin, M., Haapakangas, A., Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M., Airaksinen, M., Holopainen, R., Tuomaala, P. (2013) Tilamallinnus käyttäjätiedon ja teknisen tiedon yhdistäjänä. Sisäilmastoseminaarin raportti, s. 141-146. Ruohomäki, V., Haapakangas, A. & Lahtinen, M. (2013) Tilat työn mukaisiksi: työn analyysi ja koettu sisäympäristö yliopistossa. SIY raportti 31, Aalto yliopisto ja Sisäilmayhdistys, s. 135-140. Ruohomäki, V. & Lahtinen (2013) Osallistuva suunnittelu tilamuutoksessa prosessi ja menetelmät. SIY raportti 31, Aalto yliopisto ja Sisäilmayhdistys, s147-152 Ruohomäki, V. (2013) Kuinka haluamme työskennellä tulevaisuudessa? Eurooppalaista työ- ja organisaatiopsykologiaa. Psykologia 48(4), 307-310. Ruohomäki, V. (2013) Ilmastonsuojelua ja elämänlaatua - Etätyö on ekoteko. Psykologia 48(1), 57-62. 16.3.2016 Virpi Ruohomäki
Links to Reseach Programmes Hyvät käytännöt strategialähtöisessä työympäristömuutoksessa (HYVÄKÄS, 2014-2016) http://www.ttl.fi/fi/tutkimus/hankkeet/tyoymparisto/hyvakas/sivut/default.aspx Monitilatoimistojen sisäympäristö, käytettävyys ja tilankäyttäjien hyvinvointi (MOSI, 2014-2016) http://www.ttl.fi/fi/tutkimus/hankkeet/tyoymparisto/mosi/sivut/default.aspx Human&Green (RYMSHOK, 2011-2015) http://www.ttl.fi/fi/tutkimus/hankkeet/rymshok/sivut/default.aspx Monitilatoimiston suunnitteluohjeet (TOTI hanke, 2009-2012) http://www.ttl.fi/fi/tutkimus/hankkeet/toti/documents/monitilatoimiston_suunnitteluohje_toti_03092012.pdf RYM SHOK, Indoor Environment Programme (2011-2015): http://rymreport.com/ie/home/ http://rym.fi/results/new-participatory-methods-for-workplace-design/ http://rym.fi/results/visualization-of-perceived-satisfaction-on-work-environment-2/ http://rym.fi/results/dimensions-of-workspaces-that-promote-well-being/ 16.3.2016 Virpi Ruohomäki
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