A Final Operational Country Report Finland

Ref. Ares(2012)203454 1(14) - 22/02/2012 A Final Operational Country Report Finland Urban Audit data collection Grant Agreement No. 50403.2009.001-2009.679 and Amendment No 1 Postal address: P.O.Box 4 A, FI-00022 Statistics Finland E-mail: yrjo.palttila@stat.fi

2(14) Contents: 1. Overview 1.1 Description of the work 1.2 Timetable of the project 1.3 Final coverage of variables 2. Spatial units 2.1 Changes in delimitation of spatial units 2.2 Delimitation of new spatial units 3. Meta information and quality aspects of variables 3.1 Description of estimation methods 3.2 Deviating definitions 3.3 Notes on missing variables 4. Recommendations for improvements 4.1 Delimitation of spatial units 4.2 Adding variables 4.3 Modifying methodology 4.4 Improving quality control Appendix 1. Spatial units of Finland in Urban Audit IV -project 1. Overview 1.1 Description of the work The main aim of the project was to produce a set of internationally comparable and reliable indicators describing the development of urban areas in Finland as part of Europe The compilation of these urban statistics have been coordinated by Statistics Finland, where the National Urban Audit Coordinator (NUAC) is located. The experts of Statistics Finland in different subject areas have taken part in the data collection. The work has been done in close connection with the cities of Helsinki, Tampere, Turku and Oulu. The contact persons of the cities have co-ordinated the collection of data within the city and the checking of the data produced by Statistics Finland. Employees of several civil service departments and research institutes also participated in the data collection. The final data together with meta information have been submitted to Eurostat as Excel files via the edamis data transmission system.

3(14) 1.2 Timetable of the project Preparations for the Finnish project started in May 2009. The official starting point of the Finnish project was 18 December 2009 when the Grant Agreement for the actions was signed. The duration of the project was 24 months and the project ended on 18 December 2011 (plus 45 days for compiling the final report). Timetable of the project (milestones and due date) have been: Identification of variables March 2010 Compilation of variables for the 2005, 2006 and 2007 ANNUAL Urban Audit. June 2010 Compilation of variables for the 2008 EXHAUSTIVE Urban Audit March 2011 Compile an interim operational report March 2011 Compilation of variables for the 2009 ANNUAL Urban Audit June 2011 Participate in the quality control of variables September 2011 Participate in the quality control of indicators September 2011 Compilation of maps for the spatial units of Urban Audit cities Compile a final operational report January 2012 1.3 Final coverage of variables Table1 presents the data availability in Finland per domain and spatial level. The total availability of data in Finland was 90 per cent.

4(14) Table 1. Data availability, per cent (variables times reference years) in Finland per domain and spatial level Domain Spatial level National Core city and Kernel of Helsinki Large Urban Zone Sub City District All levels 1.1 Demography 100 100 100 100 100 1.2 Nationality 100 100 100 100 100 1.3 Household Structure 100 100 100 100 100 2.1 Housing 88 96 95 67 92 2.2 Health 100 95 95 100 96 2.3 Crime 100 100 100 0 95 3.1 Labour Market 79 79 90 100 83 3.2 Economic Activity 94 94 80 X 93 3.3 Income Disparities and Poverty 100 100 100 0 86 4.1 Civic Involvement X 100 X 0 86 5.1 Education and Training Provision 78 84 73 X 79 5.2 Educational Qualifications 67 67 67 67 67 6.1 Climate/Geography X 80 X X 80 6.2 Air Quality and Noise coll. coll. coll. coll. coll. centr. centr. centr. centr. centr. 6.3 Water 0 100 X X 70 6.4 Waste Management 75 75 X X 75 6.5 Land Use 0 0 0 0 0 7.1 Travel Patterns 55 92 84 X 80 8.1 Users and Infrastructure 100 100 X X 100 8.3 ICT Sector 100 100 X X 100 9.1 Culture and Recreation X 100 100 X 100 9.2 Tourism 100 100 X X 100 All domains 89 91 91 71 90 Data of the domain 6.5 Land Use for reference year 2005 sent to Eurostat in Urban Audit III was the latest available data.

5(14) 2. Spatial units 2.1 Changes in delimitation of spatial units In Finland the data were collected from four cities (Helsinki, Oulu, Tampere and Turku), the Kernel of Helsinki or Helsinki Metropolitan Area, which includes Helsinki as well as the cities of Espoo, Vantaa and Kauniainen, Larger Urban Zones (LUZ) and sub-areas of the four cities. The Sub City Districts of Turku changed at the beginning of 2006. These new sub areas have been used in this collection round. Otherwise the spatial units have been the same as in the last collection round in 2006/2007. The spatial units of Finland in the Urban Audit IV project are described in Appendix 1. NB The data supplied by Statistics Finland at sub city district level may not be published in statistical databases of Eurostat, the European Commission or any other organisation, because Statistics Finland sells these data to clients. 2.2 Delimitation of new spatial units No new spatial units were introduced. 3. Meta information and quality aspects of variables 3.1 Description of estimation methods The following variables of the domain "3.1 Labour Market" are based on a sample: EC1034V Total Full-Time Employment EC1035V Male Full-Time Employment EC1036V Female Full-Time Employment EC1088V Total Part-Time Employment EC1089V Male Part-Time Employment EC1090V Female Part-Time Employment The data source was the EU harmonised Finnish Labour Force Survey. It is a continuous panel survey based on a sample. The data are collected by interviewing the members of the sample. A total of 120,000 persons selected from the Population Register are interviewed each year. The size of the sample is 12,000 persons per month, corresponding to about 0.3 per cent of the population aged 15-74. Like any figures collected with a sample survey, the figures of the Labour Force Survey are estimates.

6(14) Annual estimates are calculated as averages of monthly estimates. The following variables of the domain "5.1 Education and Training Provision" are either based on register data or were estimated using additional data: TE1001V Number of Children 0-4 in Day Care TE1006V Number of Children 0-2 in Day Care TE1007V Number of Children 3-4 in Day Care The data were produced by the cities. Estimations were made by the experts. The following variables of the domain "6.4 Waste Management" were estimated using additional data: EN4001V Annual Amount of Solid Waste (Domestic and Commercial) EN4002V Annual Amount of Solid Waste (Domestic and Commercial) processed by landfill EN4003V Annual Amount of Solid Waste (Domestic and Commercial) processed by incinerator EN4004V Annual Amount of Solid Waste (Domestic and Commercial) that is recycled EN4007V Annual amount of solid waste (domestic and commercial) that is composted EN4006V Annual Amount of Solid Waste (Domestic and Commercial) given to other disposal The data source was Statistics Finland's Waste Statistics. National level data or local municipal waste management facilitylevel registerdata were divided to the cities of Tampere, Turku and Oulu by using the number of inhabitants as the weight. National data were divided to the Kernel of Helsinki by using the number of inhabitants as the weight. Kernel level data or national level data were divided to the city of Helsinki by using the number of inhabitants as the weight. The data for the following variables of the domain "7.1 Travel Patterns" are either sample based or in some cases estimated: TT1003V Percentage of Journeys to Work by Car TT1010V Percentage of Journeys to Work by Public Transport (rail, metro, bus, tram) TT1006V Percentage of Journeys to Work by Motor Cycle TT1007V Percentage of Journeys to Work by Bicycle TT1008V Percentage of Journeys to Work by Foot

7(14) TT1012V Percentage of Journeys to Work by Car or Motor Cycle TT1019V Average Time of Journey to Work (minutes) TT1020V Average Length of Journey to Work by Private Car (km) The data were produced by the cities. Most of the data are sample based, which are estimations, too. Only some figures were estimated using additional data. There was no information about the used estimation methods in the footnotes sent by the cities. The data on the following variable of the domain "8.1 Users and Infrastructure" is based on a sample: IT1005V Percentage of Households with Internet Access at Home The data source was the annual EU harmonised survey "Use of information and communications technology" of Statistics Finland. The sample survey is conducted by telephone interviews among the population aged 15 to 74. 3.2 Deviating definitions Wherever possible, the compilation of the indicators has been based on the concepts and definitions described in the Urban Audit Glossary. However, Urban Audit Glossary (Compilation of variable definitions), version of January 2010, did not contain any definitions of the new variables. 3.3 Notes on missing variables The following variable of the domain "2.1 Housing" is missing: SA1018V Dwellings lacking basic amenities Reason: In the Statistics on Household-dwelling Units of Statistics Finland the variables Absence of bath or shower and Absence of hot running water include also unknowns, so the data could not be used. The following variables of the domain "3.1 Labour Market" are missing: EC1160V Total Full-Time Employment 15-24 EC1161V Full-Time Employment 15-24 Male EC1162V Full-Time Employment 15-24 Female

8(14) EC1163V Total Full-Time Employment 55-64 EC1164V Full-Time Employment 55-64 Male EC1165V Full-Time Employment 55-64 Female EC1166V Total Part-Time Employment 15-24 EC1167V Part-Time Employment 15-24 Male EC1168V Part-Time Employment 15-24 Female EC1169V Total Part-Time Employment 55-64 EC1170V Part-Time Employment 55-64 Male EC1171V Part-Time Employment 55-64 Female Reason: LFS sample size is not large enough for estimation by age groups, so the data could not be used. The following variables of the domain "5.2 Educational qualifications" are missing: TE2025V Number of residents (aged 15-64) with ISCED level 0, 1or 2 as the highest level of education TE2026V Number of residents (aged 15-64) with ISCED level 0, 1or 2 as the highest level of education - male TE2027V Number of residents (aged 15-64) with ISCED level 0, 1or 2 as the highest level of education - female Reason: In the Employment Statistics of Statistics Finland people with ISCED -level lower than 3 and persons with unknown ISCED -level are aggregated in the same ISCED group, so the data could not be used. The following variables of the domain 7.1 Travel Patterns is missing: TT1061V Number of Persons Seriously Injured in Road Accidents Reason: Statistics Finland s Statistics on Road Traffic Accidents only contain data on the total number of injuries sustained, and no breakdowns into serious or slight injuries.

9(14) 4. Recommendations for improvements 4.1 Delimitation of spatial units At the moment no suggestions for improvements. The Finnish government plans for municipal reform. The decisions concerning the municipal reform should probably be done until the end of the year 2014. 4.2 Adding variables So far we at Statistics Finland have no proposals for new variables. The possible need for new variables should be carefully considered. 4.3 Modifying methodology No suggestions for improvements. 4.4 Improving quality control No suggestions for improvements.

10(14) Appendix 1. Spatial units of Finland in Urban Audit IV -project Cities National code Name UA-code 091 Helsinki FI001C 837 Tampere FI002C 853 Turku FI003C 564 Oulu FI004C Kernel Kernel of Helsinki (the Metropolitan area of Helsinki) consists of following cities: Kernel of Helsinki (FI001K) National code Name 091 Helsinki 049 Espoo 092 Vantaa 235 Kauniainen Larger Urban Zones Larger Urban Zones consists of following cities and municipalities: The Helsinki region (FI001L) National code Name 049 Espoo 091 Helsinki 106 Hyvinkää 186 Järvenpää 235 Kauniainen 245 Kerava 257 Kirkkonummi 543 Nurmijärvi 753 Sipoo 858 Tuusula 092 Vantaa 927 Vihti The Tampere region (FI002L) National code Name 211 Kangasala 418 Lempäälä 536 Nokia 604 Pirkkala 837 Tampere 980 Ylöjärvi

11(14) The Turku region (FI003L) National code Name 019 Aura 202 Kaarina 423 Lieto 481 Masku 529 Naantali 538 Nousiainen 577 Paimio 573 Parainen 602 Piikkiö 680 Raisio 704 Rusko 853 Turku 906 Vahto The Oulu region (FI004L) National code Name 072 Hailuoto 084 Haukipudas 244 Kempele 255 Kiiminki 425 Liminka 436 Lumijoki 494 Muhos 564 Oulu 567 Oulunsalo 859 Tyrnävä Larger City Audit - does not concern Finland cities

12(14) Sub City Dictricts Helsinki Name UA-code National code and name Consists of following areas Eteläinen suurpiiri FI001D01 0911 1. Eteläinen Suurpiiri 0911 1. Eteläinen Suurpiiri Vironniemen peruspiiri FI001D01001 09111 101 Vironniemen Peruspiiri 09111 101 Vironniemen Peruspiiri Ullanlinnan peruspiiri FI001D01002 09112 102 Ullanlinnan Peruspiiri 09112 102 Ullanlinnan Peruspiiri Kampinmalmin peruspiiri FI001D01003 09113 103 Kampinmalmin Peruspiiri 09113 103 Kampinmalmin Peruspiiri Taka-Töölön peruspiiri FI001D01004 09114 104 Takatöölön Peruspiiri 09114 104 Takatöölön Peruspiiri Lauttasaaren peruspiiri FI001D01005 09115 105 Lauttasaaren Peruspiiri 09115 105 Lauttasaaren Peruspiiri Läntinen suurpiiri FI001D02 0912 2. Läntinen Suurpiiri 0912 2. Läntinen Suurpiiri Reijolan peruspiiri FI001D02001 09121 201 Reijolan Peruspiiri 09121 201 Reijolan Peruspiiri Munkkiniemen peruspiiri FI001D02002 09122 202 Munkkiniemen Peruspiiri 09122 202 Munkkiniemen Peruspiiri Haagan peruspiiri FI001D02003 09123 203 Haagan Peruspiiri 09123 203 Haagan Peruspiiri Pitäjänmäen peruspiiri FI001D02004 09124 204 Pitäjänmäen Peruspiiri 09124 204 Pitäjänmäen Peruspiiri Kaarelan peruspiiri FI001D02005 09125 205 Kaarelan Peruspiiri 09125 205 Kaarelan Peruspiiri Keskinen suurpiiri FI001D03 0913 3. Keskinen Suurpiiri 0913 3. Keskinen Suurpiiri Kallion peruspiiri FI001D03001 09131 301 Kallion Peruspiiri 09131 301 Kallion Peruspiiri Alppiharjun peruspiiri FI001D03002 09132 302 Alppiharjun Peruspiiri 09132 302 Alppiharjun Peruspiiri Vallilan peruspiiri FI001D03003 09133 303 Vallilan Peruspiiri 09133 303 Vallilan Peruspiiri Pasilan peruspiiri FI001D03004 09134 304 Pasilan Peruspiiri 09134 304 Pasilan Peruspiiri Vanhankaupungin peruspiirpiirpiiri FI001D03005 09135 305 Vanhankaupungin Perus- 09135 305 Vanhankaupungin Perus- Pohjoinen suurpiiri FI001D04 0914 4. Pohjoinen Suurpiiri 0914 4. Pohjoinen Suurpiiri Maunulan peruspiiri FI001D04001 09141 401 Maunulan Peruspiiri 09141 401 Maunulan Peruspiiri Länsi-Pakilan peruspiiri FI001D04002 09142 402 Länsi-Pakilan Peruspiiri 09142 402 Länsi-Pakilan Peruspiiri Tuomarinkylän peruspiiri FI001D04003 09143 403 Tuomarinkylän Peruspiiri 09143 403 Tuomarinkylän Peruspiiri Oulunkylän peruspiiri FI001D04004 09144 404 Oulunkylän Peruspiiri 09144 404 Oulunkylän Peruspiiri Itä-Pakilan peruspiiri FI001D04005 09145 405 Itä-Pakilan Peruspiiri 09145 405 Itä-Pakilan Peruspiiri Koillinen suurpiiri FI001D05 0915 5. Koillinen Suurpiiri 0915 5. Koillinen Suurpiiri Latokartanon peruspiiri FI001D05001 09151 501 Latokartanon Peruspiiri 09151 501 Latokartanon Peruspiiri Pukinmäen peruspiiri FI001D05002 09152 502 Pukinmäen Peruspiiri 09152 502 Pukinmäen Peruspiiri Malmin peruspiiri FI001D05003 09153 503 Malmin Peruspiiri 09153 503 Malmin Peruspiiri Suutarilan peruspiiri FI001D05004 09154 504 Suutarilan Peruspiiri 09154 504 Suutarilan Peruspiiri Puistolan peruspiiri FI001D05005 09155 505 Puistolan Peruspiiri 09155 505 Puistolan Peruspiiri Jakomäen peruspiiri FI001D05006 09156 506 Jakomäen Peruspiiri 09156 506 Jakomäen Peruspiiri Kaakkoinen suurpiiri FI001D06 0916 6. Kaakkoinen Suurpiiri 0916 6. Kaakkoinen Suurpiiri Kulosaaren peruspiiri FI001D06001 09161 601 Kulosaaren Peruspiiri 09161 601 Kulosaaren Peruspiiri Herttoniemen peruspiiri FI001D06002 09162 602 Herttoniemen Peruspiiri 09162 602 Herttoniemen Peruspiiri Laajasalon peruspiiri FI001D06003 09163 603 Laajasalon Peruspiiri 09163 603 Laajasalon Peruspiiri Itäinen suurpiiri FI001D07 0917 7. Itäinen Suurpiiri 0917 7. Itäinen Suurpiiri Vartiokylän peruspiiri FI001D07001 09171 701 Vartiokylän Peruspiiri 09171 701 Vartiokylän Peruspiiri Myllypuron peruspiiri FI001D07002 09172 702 Myllypuron Peruspiiri 09172 702 Myllypuron Peruspiiri Mellunkylän peruspiiri FI001D07003 09173 703 Mellunkylän Peruspiiri 09173 703 Mellunkylän Peruspiiri Vuosaaren peruspiiri FI001D07004 09174 704 Vuosaaren Peruspiiri 09174 704 Vuosaaren Peruspiiri

13(14) Tampere Name UA-code National code and name Consists of following areas Keskinen suuralue FI002D01 8371 1 Keskinen Suuralue 8371 1 Keskinen Suuralue Keskinen A FI002D01001 837101 01 Keskusta Keskinen B FI002D01002 837102 02 Sampo 837103 03 Iides Koillinen suuralue FI002D02001 8372 2 Koillinen Suuralue 8372 2 Koillinen Suuralue Kaakkoinen suuralue FI002D03001 8373 3 Kaakkoinen Suuralue 8373 3 Kaakkoinen Suuralue Eteläinen suuralue FI002D04001 8374 4 Eteläinen Suuralue 8374 4 Eteläinen Suuralue Lounainen suuralue FI002D05001 8375 5 Lounainen Suuralue 8375 5 Lounainen Suuralue Luoteinen suuralue FI002D06001 8376 6 Luoteinen Suuralue 8376 6 Luoteinen Suuralue Pohjoinen suuralue FI002D07001 8377 7 Pohjoinen Suuralue 8377 7 Pohjoinen Suuralue Turku (new subregional division) Name UA-code National code and name Consists of following areas Keskusta FI003D01 8531 Suuralue 1;keskusta 8531 Suuralue 1;keskusta Keskusta Pohjoinen FI003D01001 853101 VI ja VII 853105 VIII ja IX 853106 Ratapihanympäristö Lä 853113 Satama 853142 Ruissalo Keskusta Etelä FI003D01002 853102 I 853103 II ja III 853104 IV ja V 853109 Kupittaa 853110 Mänty-Kurjenmäki 853111 Vähäheikkilä 853112 Pitkäsalmen Koillisranta 853127 Vatsela Hirvensalo-Kakskerta FI003D02001 8532 Suuralue 2; Hirvensalo- 8532 Suuralue 2; Hirvensalo- Kakskerta Kakskerta Uittamo-Skanssi FI003D03001 8533 Suuralue 3; Skanssi-Uittamo 8533 Suuralue 3; Skanssi-Uittamo Itäharju-Varissuo FI003D04001 8534 Suuralue 4; Varissuo-Lauste 8534 Suuralue 4; Varissuo-Lauste Koroinen FI003D05001 8535 Suuralue 5; Nummi-Halinen 8535 Suuralue 5; Nummi-Halinen Tampereentie FI003D06001 8536 Suuralue 6; Runosmäki- 8536 Suuralue 6; Runosmäki- Raunistula Raunistula Kuninkoja FI003D07001 8537 Suuralue 7; Länsikeskus 8537 Suuralue 7; Länsikeskus Naantalintie FI003D08001 8538 Suuralue 8; Pansio-Jyrkkälä 8538 Suuralue 8; Pansio-Jyrkkälä Maaria-Paattinen FI003D09001 8539 Suuralue 9; Maaria-Paattinen 8539 Suuralue 9; Maaria-Paattinen

14(14) Oulu Name UA-code National code and name Consists of following areas Keskusta FI004D01001 564001 Keskusta 564001 Keskusta Höyhtyä FI004D02001 564002 Höyhtyä 564002 Höyhtyä Oulunsuu FI004D03001 564003 Oulunsuu 564003 Oulunsuu Kaukovainio FI004D04001 564004 Kaukovainio 564004 Kaukovainio Nuottasaari FI004D05001 564005 Nuottasaari 564005 Nuottasaari Kaakkuri FI004D06001 564006 Kaakkuri 564006 Kaakkuri Maikkula FI004D07001 564007 Maikkula 564007 Maikkula Tuira FI004D08001 564008 Tuira 564008 Tuira Puolivälinkangas FI004D09001 564009 Puolivälinkangas 564009 Puolivälinkangas Koskela FI004D10001 564010 Koskela 564010 Koskela Pateniemi FI004D11001 564011 Pateniemi 564011 Pateniemi Kaijonharju FI004D12001 564012 Kaijonharju 564012 Kaijonharju Myllyoja FI004D13001 564013 Myllyoja 564013 Myllyoja Sanginsuu FI004D14001 564014 Sanginsuu 564014 Sanginsuu Korvensuora FI004D15001 564015 Korvensuora 564015 Korvensuora