SALUTOGENIC AND USER-CENTRED APPROACH FOR WORKPLACE DESIGN

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1 SALUTOGENIC AND USER-CENTRED APPROACH FOR WORKPLACE DESIGN Virpi Ruohomäki, PhD, Senior Reseacher

2 Content 1. Workspaces promoting well-being 2. Salutogenic approach 3. Dimensions of workspaces that promote well-being 4. User-centred and participatory design 5. References and more information Virpi Ruohomäki

3 We shape our buildings thereafter they shape us Winston Churchill

4 Physical, virtual and social spaces Virpi Ruohomäki

5 Workspaces promoting well-being New salutogenic approach for workplace design: one that promotes users health and well-being. The term salutogenesis focus on factors that support human health and well-being, rather than factors that causes diseases. The build environment affects human well-being and this in turn influences their effectiveness in the workplace. According to the recent research, good quality of in work environment is able to support health, well-being and productivity of employees. High-quality environmental design is an investment, as occupants are healthier, productivity is higher and sustainability ideals are more likely to be met. Intelligent Building International, Special Issue: Workspaces promoting well-being, 7(4) 2015 Guest Editors: Kari Reijula, Marjaana Lahtinen & Virpi Ruohomäki

6 Salutogenic approach Theoretical, conceptual and value-based core of modern health promotion (Antonovsky 1987, 1996) Process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health Conditions that facilitate healthy behaviour Sense of coherence, seeing the world as making sense Perceiving the environment as comprehensive, manageable and meaningful

7 Health and healthy workplace Health is a state of optimal physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity. A healthy workplace is one in which workers and managers collaborate to use a continual improvement process to protect and promote the health, safety and well-being of all workers and the sustainability of the workplace. Definitions by the World Health Organisation (WHO) 2010

8 Well-being at work Well-being at work means safe, healthy and productive work in a well-led organisation, by competent workers and work communities who see their jobs as meaningful and rewarding, and see work as a factor that supports their life management. Definition by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) 2008

Salutogenic and user-centred approach Extensive attention to users of spaces Focus on user s activities, needs and experiences Focus on human health and

9 Salutogenic and user-centred approach Extensive attention to users of spaces Focus on user s activities, needs and experiences Focus on human health and well-being Interactive role of users in their indoor environment More attention to positive impacts of indoor environment Ruohomäki, Lahtinen & Reijula 2015

10 What are dimensions of workspaces that promote well-being? Functional dimension Social dimension Psychological dimension Physical space Virtual space Healthiness and safety

11 Healthiness and safety Good indoor environment Fresh thermal comfort Clean indoor air Good natural lighting Acoustic quality and low noise level

12 Functional dimension of workspace Facilitates orientation Is ergonomic and accessible to all users Supports work tasks and work processes

13 Social dimension of workspace Sense of belonging Flow of information Promotes communication and collaboration Supports mutual learning Supports group tasks, teamwork and innovations

Respects personal need of space; sense of individual and group territory Strengthens sense of

14 Psychological dimension of workspace Respects privacy; reflects the regulation of interaction with other people, mental concentration and avoidance of distractions and interruptions Respects personal need of space; sense of individual and group territory Strengthens sense of control; over workspace, tasks, methods, schedules, choice Work engagement and flow Restorative environments

15 Dimensions of workspaces that promote well-being Ruohomäki, Lahtinen & Reijula 2015

16 Workspace that promotes human well-being has a good indoor environment supports work tasks and work process is ergonomic and accessible to all respects privacy and the personal need for space strengthens sense of control enhances work flow and work engagement enables communication, collaboration and mutual learning. Ruohomäki, Lahtinen & Reijula 2015

well-being and enable effective knowledge work?

17 What kind of modern office solutions (multispace or activity based office) could support human well-being and enable effective knowledge work? Photo: Leena Aalto, FIOH Photo: TOTI-project, FIOH

User-centred and participatory workplace design User-centred or human-centred design means attention to needs of the users at each stage of the design process Participatory design

18 User-centred and participatory workplace design User-centred or human-centred design means attention to needs of the users at each stage of the design process Participatory design means active participation of users of in the design process Key when aiming at work environments that support well-being of users and organisational productivity Virpi Ruohomäki

Success factors of workplace design process Analysis of the organization, work processes and user s work demands Clear objectives Management commitment and support Adequate project organization and

19 Success factors of workplace design process Analysis of the organization, work processes and user s work demands Clear objectives Management commitment and support Adequate project organization and responsibilities Coordination between facility management, human resources management and ICT specialists Good change management Well-structured implementation Training of users Follow-up Continuous communication Lahtinen, Ruohomäki & Reijula 2015; Ruohomäki, Lahtinen & Sirola 2017

20 Video Senate Properties Multi-space office (in Finnish text in English)

21 Recent international publications Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M. & Sirola, P. (2016) Evaluating workplaces of knowledge workers. In: Tuominen, H., Saloniemi, A. & Poussa, K. (Eds.) Hard Times? Electronic Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Working Life Conference, 2-4 November 2016, University of Tampere, Finland. Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M. & Reijula, K. (2015) Salutogenic and user-centred approach for workplace design. Intelligent Building International, 7(4), Lahtinen, M., Ruohomäki, V., Haapakangas, A. & Reijula, K. (2015) Developmental needs of workplace design practices. Intelligent Buildings International, 7(4), Reijula, K., Lahtinen, M. & Ruohomäki, V. (2015) Workspaces are intelligent if they can promote health and well-being. Editorials of the Special Issue. Intelligent Buildings International, 7(4), Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M., Joutsiniemi, A., Airaksinen, M., Tuominen, P., Kekäläinen, P. & Porkka, J. (2015) Human & Green Workplace Design in the University. In: Nenonen et al. (eds.) Oppiva kampus - How to cocreate campus, p Tampere: Suomen Yliopistokiinteistöt, Juvenes Print. Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen. M., Haapakangas, A. & Reijula, K. (2014) Workplace Needs and Experiences of University Staff. In: O. Broberg, N. Fallentin, P. Hasle, P.L. Jensen, A. Kabel, M.E. Larsen, T. Weller (Eds.) 11 th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management. 46 th Annual Nordic Ergonomics Society Conference. Conference Proceedings, Vol. 2, p Reijula, J., Nevala, N., Lahtinen, M., Ruohomäki, V. & Reijula, K. (2014) Lean design improves both healthcare facilities and processes: a literature review. Intelligent Buildings International. Published online 03 April Lahtinen, M., Nenonen, S., Rasila, H., Lehtelä, J., Ruohomäki, V. & Reijula, K. (2014) Rehabilitation centers in change: participatory methods for managing redesign and renovation. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 7 (2), Virpi Ruohomäki

22 Recent publications in Finnish Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M. & Sirola, P. (2017) Työympäristömuutos, monitilatoimiston toimivuus ja henkilöstön hyvinvointi. Hyväksytty julkaistavaksi Työelämän tutkimus -lehdessä. Sirola, P., Ruohomäki, V. & Lahtinen, M. (2017) Yliopiston henkilöstön työn sisällöt ja kokemukset uudistuneesta työympäristöstä. Hyväksytty julkaistavaksi Psykologia lehdessä. Lahtinen, M., Ruohomäki, V. & Reijula, K. (2015) Uusista toimistoratkaisuista ja tilamuutoksista tarvitaan tutkimustietoa. Työelämän tutkimus lehti 13(1), Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M., Joutsiniemi, A., Tuominen, P. & Airaksinen, M. (2015) Human & Green toimintamalli sisäympäristöjen kehittämiseen. SIY raportti 33, Aalto yliopisto ja Sisäilmayhdistys, s Ruohomäki, V. (2015) Ihmisten johtaminen turbulenssissa. Eurooppalaista työ- ja organisaatiopsykologiaa. Psykologia 50(5), Ruohomäki, V., Haapakangas, A. & Lahtinen, M. (2013) Tilat työn mukaisiksi: työn analyysi ja koettu sisäympäristö yliopistossa. SIY raportti 31, Aalto yliopisto ja Sisäilmayhdistys, s Ruohomäki, V. & Lahtinen (2013) Osallistuva suunnittelu tilamuutoksessa prosessi ja menetelmät. SIY raportti 31, Aalto yliopisto ja Sisäilmayhdistys, s Ruohomäki, V. (2013) Kuinka haluamme työskennellä tulevaisuudessa? Eurooppalaista työ- ja organisaatiopsykologiaa. Psykologia 48(4), Ruohomäki, V. (2013) Ilmastonsuojelua ja elämänlaatua - Etätyö on ekoteko. Psykologia 48(1), Joutsiniemi, A., Mathlin, M., Haapakangas, A., Ruohomäki, V., Lahtinen, M., Airaksinen, M., Holopainen, R., Tuomaala, P. (2013) Tilamallinnus käyttäjätiedon ja teknisen tiedon yhdistäjänä. Sisäilmastoseminaarin raportti, s Virpi Ruohomäki

23 Links to media interviews Helsingin Sanomat, Businessopas, Työtila vaikuttaa tulokseen ja henkilökunnan pysyvyyteen Helsingin Sanomat, Mediaplanet, Hyvä työympäristö syntyy tilan käyttäjien kokemusta hyödyntämällä Puhtausala, Tilasuunnittelu tukee työelämän muutosta Ilmarinen, Omasta työhuoneesta yhteiseen tilaan Työterveyslaitos, Uutiset, Monitilatoimisto pitää suunnitella ihmistä ja hänen työtään varten Työterveyslaitos, Uutiset, Seitsemän kysymystä monitilatoimistosta Työterveyslaitos Ruohomäki 23

24 Links to Training and Research Työterveyslaitoksen koulutus: Monitilatoimistot työympäristönä ja , Helsinki Nordic Institute for Advanced Training in Occupational Health (NIVA): Workspaces promoting well-being , Espoo RYM SHOK, Indoor Environment Programme, Future Learning Environments ( ): Virpi Ruohomäki

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SALUTOGENIC AND HUMAN-CENTRED WORKPLACE DESIGN

SALUTOGENIC AND HUMAN-CENTRED WORKPLACE DESIGN Virpi Ruohomäki, PhD, Senior Reseacher Virpi.ruohomaki@ttl.fi Content 1. Workspaces promoting well-being 2. Salutogenic approach 3. Dimensions of workspaces