Mallintaminen valtaa maailmaa ja muuttaa rakennusalan liiketoimintaprosessit

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1 Mallintaminen valtaa maailmaa ja muuttaa rakennusalan liiketoimintaprosessit Arto Kiviniemi Tutkimusprofessori Rakennetun ympäristön tiedonhallinta Productivity Problem In the last 40 years AEC industry has not been able to increase the productivity as the other industries USA

2 Importance of the Built Environment Real Estate and Construction Cluster in Finland: Produces and maintains the built environment for business, services and living = one of the key resources of the economy Constitutes the main part, 70%, of the Finnish national assets Employs more than people = 20% of the work force Uses ~50% of the energy Operations 35 billion Interest 15 billion Total value of the forest 40 billion 10% Value of built environment 400 billion 3 Document/2D-based Process Information is still mostly exchanged as documents - often even on paper - which causes non-valueadding work, friction, data losses and errors 4 2

3 Costs of Inadequate Interoperability Germany Savings of 670 million euros per year in manual work just by improving the quality of DXF data (Wolfgang Haas, Haas & Partner 1998) Finland Potential savings of 7% in the construction costs by efficient IT use. This estimation did not include savings in reducing errors with better information management, only direct work (Enkovaara & Heikkonen 1998) Several countries Removal of information re-keying would enable savings of 16% in the construction (Thomas Liebich & Jeffrey Wix, AEC3 1999) USA DOD uses $40 million per month in additional work because of the lack of standards. Since DOD s projects are 4% of the US market, this would translate into $12 billion per year in US (Dana Smith, DOD 1999) According to NIST s conservative estimate the lack of interoperability costs annually $15.8 billion to the U.S. capital facilities industry ( Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in the U.S. Capital Facilities Industry, NIST GCR , 2004) 5 Integrated Model Based Process Information is shared in exploitable data format directly between different systems; Virtual Building 6 3

4 Vera - Tietoverkottunut rakennusprosessi Tekesin teknologiaohjelma Kokonaisbudjetti +60% ~47 M Tekesin osuus ~48 % ~22 M Yritysrahoitus ~52 % ~25 M Projektit 161 kpl ~47 M Tutkimusprojekteja 48 kpl (30%) ~6 M (13%) Yritysprojekteja 113 kpl (70%) ~41 M (87%) 7 Rakennusteollisuus RT ry 8 4

5 Several World-class SW Products in Finland Granlund Progman Solibri Tekla Tocoman 9 Sijoittuminen teknologia-aaltoon MALLINNUS TÄNÄ PÄIVÄNÄ edelläkävijäyritykset = kasvavat markkinat tärkeimmät kilpailukeinot ovat ydin- ja teknologiaosaaminen suhteellisesti korkeammat kustannukset sekä investoinneissa että koulutuksessa suhteellisen vähän kilpailua, helppo erottautua ja hinnoitella suunnittelu kannattavammin 1985 Markkinavolyymi Piirtäminen 2D CAD Teknologinen kehitysaste 2005 Mallintaminen Integroitu mallintaminen 10 5

6 Tuotemallien käyttö ja ominaisuudet Käyttö Paperi & 2D tiedonsiirto USA Suomi Nykytilanne Tuotemallipohjainen tiedonsiirto Demonstraatiot Pilotit Tuotanto Ominaisuudet = kyky tarjota Informaatiota kohteesta Paperi & 2D tiedonsiirto Tuotemallipohjainen tiedonsiirto 11 Tuotemallien kansainvälinen käyttö? Suomi on yhä käyttöönoton kansainvälisessä kärjessä Singapore jatkaa Corenet-projektiaan rakennusvalvonnan automatisoimiseksi Norja on aktivoitunut voimakkaasti viime vuosina Australiassa suuri CRC Construction Innovation ohjelma Kiina on tehnyt IFC:stä kansallisen standardin USA:ssa runsaasti aktiviteetteja: Tekeillä kansallinen BIM-standardi (Building Information Model), joka perustuu IFC:hen General Service Administration (GSA) alkaa vaatia malleja projekteissaan 2006, mallinnusohjeisto tekeillä Army Corps of Engineers ja Coast Guard alkaneet mallien kokeilun joissakin projekteissaan 12 6

7 Modeling Is Too Expensive? Arup's Melbourne Office reported a 30% reduction in documentation effort on their structural work using models In 2005 decision to move into modeling in all projects Eureka Tower, architect Fender Katsalidis: Comparison of two residential towers of similar standard and complexity: Project A, traditional documentation vs. Eureka Tower, an integrated 3D model Project A Eureka Tower Size 45 stories 88 stories Time to document 100% Size 50% >76% Number of staff 100% almost 66% reduction double Working hours per week 72 hrs 51 hrs In addition, working directly with a 3D model allowed a number of coordination issues to be identified and resolved earlier than otherwise. (Source: Robin Drogemuller, CSIRO) 13 Some 4D Examples DPR Emeryville project; large shopping mall Spending in 3D/4D modeling $39,720, which was 0.06% of the total $72 million budget Project gained 3 weeks in the schedule Other benefits: Better sequencing Seeing and resolving problems early Better understanding of the project and problems Gehry's Experience Music Project in Seattle Contractor spent $12,000 in 4D modeling The main discovery was the location problem of the crane, which company s best experts could not see before the modeling in spite of the extensive planning effort Savings from the modeling at least $2 million Source: Virtual Builders Roundtable at DPR, June

8 Rekisteri Muokkaa Näkymä Ikkuna Ohje VIITEKOHDE MENETELMÄT Osatehtävä Osatehtävä PANOKSET Rekisteri Muokkaa Näkymä Ikkuna Ohje VIITEKOHDE MENETELMÄT Osatehtävä Osatehtävä PANOKSET YIT Cost and Value Engineering Tool YIT-HOUSE COVE Quantity Management Method Data Base Product Model Time Standard Solutions Cost Knowledge Tender Calculation Task Management Project Database Delivery Management The model based system saves Quantities 50-80% & Locations PlaNet+ of the work in cost estimation, and the Scheduling accuracy in the early stages improves from +/- 15% to +/- 3% Procurement Needs Delivery Database Supplier register MAIN GOAL IN SKANSKA S TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY New tools New process Results CUSTOMER Information systems based on product modeling Space utilisation plan Sketches Working drawings PRODUCT SUBASSEMBLY PRODUCER Industrialized building process Customer satisfaction Cost savings = Good profitability Schematic drawings Animations Virtual premises Marketing Use Maintenance Servicing Service log Building management Alteration data Construction Details 4-D time schedules Simulations Architectural design Bills of quantity Structural and Product component libraries Structural engineering Prefabricated Panel engineering Reinforcement Panels Production Building automation Electrical design Lighting JOB SITE Cost estimates Procurement HPAC design Thermal loadst SPECIAL DESIGN 8

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13 IMSvr Structure Yoshinobu Adachi - IMSvr Project -Secom/VTT 26 13

14 Source: Organizing to Exploit Integrated Information Technologies Ray Levitt and John Taylor, CIFE - Stanford University 27 Source: Organizing to Exploit Integrated Information Technologies Ray Levitt and John Taylor, CIFE - Stanford University 28 14