What more can we do?

HELSINKI CITY URBAN FACTS OFFICE: web publications 2004 38 Lina Laurent What more can we do? Multicultural Girl Work in Practice Developing a Multicultural Action Plan for the Girls House, A Meeting Place for Girls and Young Women in Helsinki Web Publications ISSN 1458-5707 ISBN 952-473-387-0 FURTHER INFORMATION lina.laurent@helsinki.fi harry.schulman@hel.fi

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V;12%/,2 =$$<$12.&-S R/--/04%/3 Contents 1. Introduction 7 G:G^/,)3%(6042(2+.12645 _ G:"`.1./%,+76.12$(01 GG G:KV,2$(0%.1./%,+ G" 2. Different Perspectives on Multiculturalism 14 ":G@$12(%5(82+.,(0,.F2 GW ":"Q6&2$,6&26%/&$1-/04/,,6&26%/2$(012%/2.3$.1 GI ":Ka6.12$(0$03-6&2$,6&26%/&$1- Gb ":WM02.%,6&26%/&,(--60$,/2$(0/04-6&2$,6&26%/&$1- G_ ":I^.0.8$21(8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1- "H ":c[%.,(04$2$(018(%-6&2$,6&26%/&$1- "G ":bd(603$--$3%/021$0@.&1$0)$ "" 3. Organizational Culture 25 K:Ge6&26%.$0(%3/0$J/2$(01 "c K:"f+/24(.1,6&26%/&4$<.%1$25;%$032(/0(%3/0$J/2$(0g "b K:K[&6%/&$12$,(%3/0$J/2$(04.<.&(F-.02 "_ 4. The Girls House 31 W:G f+5(0&53$%&1g KG W:"^/,)3%(6042(2+.8(604$03(82+.#$%&1h@(61. K" W:K=+.#$%&1?@(61.T/F/%20.%1+$FF%(D.,2 KK W:W^/1$,</&6.1(82+.#$%&1?@(61. KW W:IV,2$<$2$.1F%(<$4.48(%3$%&1 KW W:c[/%2$,$F/2$(0;53$%&1(84$88.%.02/3.1 Kc I

5. Research Design 37 I:GV,2$(0%.1./%,+ Kb I:"M02.%<$.'1/04F/%2$,$F/021 WH I:K[/%2$,$F/02(;1.%</2$(0 WK I:W=+.8/&&(8"HHK/04/>25F$,/&A4/5 WI I:IQ.2+(4(8/0/&51$1 Wb 6 Research Findings and Analysis of the Data 49 c:gq6&2$,6&26%/&$1-;.8(%.2+.f%(d.,2 Wi c:"m--.4$/2.3(/&18(%2+.f%(d.,2/04%.1./%,+ IH c:kq6&2$,6&26%/&$1-4.8$0.4;52+.12/88 IW c:wy.<.&(f$03-6&2$,6&26%/&/,2$<$2$.1 cg c:w:ge(-;$0$03%.1./%,+/04'(%) c" c:w:"r.-$0/%(0-6&2$,6&26%/&3$%&'(%) cw c:w:ke6&26%.[/2+ ci c:i9626%.'$1+.1/043(/&1 cc c:i:g\-f&(5..1'$2+$--$3%/02;/,)3%(6041 cc c:i:"=%/$0$03$0-6&2$,6&26%/&$116.1 c_ c:i:k9(,61$03(02+.3$%&1 ci 7 Conclusion and Discussion 72 b:g[%(f(1/&8(%q6&2$,6&26%/&v,2$(0[&/0 b" b:"j$-$2/2$(01(82+.12645 _H b:k9%(-+.%.(0'/%41 _" References 85 Appendices 91 M=(F$,18(%2+.-.$02.%<$.'1'$2+12/88-.-;.%1 MM=..-/+//12/22.&602..-/2 MMM=$-.&$0.(82+.%.1./%,+F%(,.11*9/&&"HHK c

1. Introduction #$%&1?1264$.1*'$2+2+.8(,61(0-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-*$1/8$.&42+/2+/10(25.2;..03$<.0-6,+ /22.02$(02($09$0&/04:f$2+$0,%./1$03$--$3%/2$(0*+('.<.%*0.'-(4.&1(85(62+'(%)/04 3$%&'(%)0..42(;.4.<.&(F.4:V2/3&(;/&&.<.&*2+.+6-/0%$3+21(83$%&1/04'(-.0/%. $-F(%2/022+.-.12+/2/%.8%.76.02&54$1,611.4:U0.(82+.k0$2.4]/2$(01Q$&&.00$6-#(/&1 $1 2( F%(-(2. 3.04.%.76/&$25 /04 2(.-F('.% '(-.0 Bk0$2.4 ]/2$(01* "HHGE: M0 9$0&/04*.-F+/1$J$03'(-.0?1/043$%&1?+6-/0%$3+21+/<.;..0$08(,61$02+.#(<.%0-.02?1F(&$,5 (8+6-/0%$3+21*;(2+/2/0$02.%0/2$(0/&/04/0/2$(0/&&.<.&:RF.,$/&/%./1(8$02.%.12+/<. ;..0* 8(%.L/-F&.* 2+. F%(-(2$(0 (8 1.L6/& /04 %.F%(46,2$<. %$3+21* 2+..&$-$0/2$(0 (8 <$(&.0,. /3/$012 '(-.0 /04* '(-.0?1 /04 3$%&1?.46,/2$(0: BZ/&2$(0.6<(12(0 1.&(02.)(* "HHW* T_iE: =(4/5*2+.,(0,.F2(83&(;/&$J/2$(0/044$1,611$(01/;(62/0$0,%./1$03&5-6&2$,6&26%/&'(%&4 +/<. ;.,(-. F/%2 (8.<.%54/5 &$8. /04 $2 $1 +/%4 2( /<($4 2+.,(0,.F2 (8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-: R2/2.*,(--60$2$.1*(88$,$/&1/04F.(F&.3.0.%/&&5/&&61.2+.,(0,.F2(8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-*;62 2+.5-$3+2/&&-./04$88.%.022+$031'+.061$03$2/04$2$1(82.00(2/2/&&,&./%'+/22+.2.%- %./&&5 -./01 B`.L* GiiW* KHN R(,$/&125%.&1.0* Giii* "KE: U%$3$0/&&5* 2+. -6&2$,6&26%/&$1-,(0,.F2 '/1 4.<.&(F.4 $0 e/0/4/ $02( / F(&$2$,/& 12%/2.35 /04* 8%(- 2+.%.* $2 1F%./4 2( V612%/&$//04\6%(F.46%$032+../%&5GibH1BR,+$.%6F*GiiW*GHE:M'$&&4$1,6112+.,(0,.F2 $0 / &/%3.%,(02.L2 &/2.% (0 $0 2+$1 12645: M0 9$0&/04* +('.<.%* -6&2$,6&26%/&$1- $0 F6;&$, 4$1,611$(0+/1;..061.42(4.1,%$;.,6&26%/&4$<.%1$25$0/F(1$2$<.1.01.*'+.%.2+..-F+/1$1 $1 F&/,.4 6F(0.76/&$25 /04 F/%20.%1+$F: M2 -/5 ;. 0(2.4 /&1( 2+/2 2+. 9$00$1+ V,2 (0 2+. M02.3%/2$(0 (8 M--$3%/021 /04 `.,.F2$(0 (8 V15&6- R..).%1 BWiKlGiiiE 1F./)1 (8 / -6&2$,6&26%/&1(,$.25: =+. /$- (8 2+. F%.1.02 12645 $1 2(.L/-$0. 2+. F%(,.11 (8 4.<.&(F$03 /0 /,2$(0 F&/0 8(% -/)$032+.>Girls House ( Tyttöjen Talo ) -(%.-6&2$,6&26%/&:=+.12645+/1F%.<$(61&5 ;..0F6;&$1+.4/1/Q/12.%?12+.1$1/22+.k0$<.%1$25(8m5<S1)5&SBj/6%.02*"HHWE:=+.#$%&1? @(61.$1/5(62+,.02.%1$26/2.4$0O/&&$($0@.&1$0)$/04$2$1(F.02(3$%&1/045(603'(-.0* /3.4GH2("I5./%1:M02+$1126452+.,(0,.F21>3$%&A/04>3$%&1A%.8.%2(;(2+3$%&1/045(603 '(-.0: M +/<.,+(1.0 2( 61. 2+$1 ;%(/4 4.8$0$2$(0 (8 >3$%&A ;.,/61. (8 $21 +$12(%$,/& ;/,)3%(604'$2+$02+.8$.&4(8>3$%&'(%)A$09$0&/04:=+.,(0,.F2(83$%&'(%)%.8.%12('(%) 4(0.'$2+/04/-(033$%&1/045(603'(-.0/04*2+.,(0,.F2(8>3$%&1?1264$.1A%.8.%12( %.1./%,+(0/041264$.1/-(033$%&1/045(603'(-.0: b

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1.3 Action research =+. 12645 '/1 -/4. '$2+$0 2+. 8%/-.'(%) (8 action research: M '$&& +.%. ;%$.8&5 F%.1.02 /,2$(0%.1./%,+/1/-.2+(4/04&/2.%M'$&&4$1,611$2$0-(%.4.F2+:V1/%.1./%,+12%/2.35* /,2$(0 %.1./%,+ /$-1 /2 $02.%/,2$(0 ;.2'..0 F%/,2$,. /04 2+.(%.2$,/& %.1./%,+ BV/&2(&/ n R5%DS&S*Giii* GKE: \1)(&/ /04R6(%/02/BGiii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nm5%)S-S*Giii*"I:E V,2$(0%.1./%,+(82.0+/1,&./%3(/&1/04$4.(&(3$,/&-(2$<.1BO66&/*Giii*"GiE*'+$,+2+$1 %.1./%,+/&1(+/12(1(-..L2.02:U0.F%.T/116-F2$(0*'+$,++/14$%.,2.42+.'+(&.12645*$1 2+/2,6&26%/&4$<.%1$25,/0F%(-(2.,6&26%/&%$,+0.11/04;./1(6%,.(8;%(/4.%604.%12/04$03 (8(0.?1('0,6&26%./04(8(2+.%F.(F&.1?,6&26%.1:M0(%4.%2(/,+$.<.,6&26%/&4$<.%1$25/04 3.06$0.-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-o'+$,+*$02+$112645*$14.8$0.4/1.76/&$25;.2'..0*/04-626/& %.1F.,28(%*4$88.%.02,6&26%.1T/,2$(0$10..4.4:=+./$-(8/,2$(0%.1./%,+$12(-/)./1(,$/&,+/03. /04 2+/2 $1 '+5 2+$1 -.2+(4 '/1,+(1.0: V,2$(0 %.1./%,+ $1 ;/1.4 (0 2+. F%.T /116-F2$(0(8F/%2$,$F/2$(0/04,(&&/;(%/2$(0*'+$,+-./012+/22+.%.1./%,+.%?1%(&.,/0;. 1..0/1/8/,$&$2/2(%*0(2/1/0(621$4.(;1.%<.%B#%..0'((4nj.<$0*"HHHNR2%$03.%*GiiiE: V,2$(0%.1./%,+$1/,(--60$2/%$/0F%(,.11/042+.%.1./%,+.%F/%2$,$F/2.1$02+./,2$<$2$.1(8 2+.,(--60$25 1264$.4 /04 /$-1 /2 %.1(&<$03 1(-. 1F.,$8$, F%(;&.- 2(3.2+.% '$2+ 2+.,(--60$25:BO$<$0$.-$*Giii*cWN\1)(&/nR6(%/02/*Gii_*GKH:E V,2$(0%.1./%,++/1;..061.4;.8(%.$04.<.&(F$035(62+'(%):9(%.L/-F&.*$02+.5./%1 Gii_o"HH"@/%$0.0*O.1)$1/&(/04[.%+(B"HHGE604.%2(()/0/,2$(0%.1./%,+12645*$0'+$,+ 2+. /$- '/1 2( F%.<.02 %/,$1- /04 %/,$12 ;.+/<$(%.1F.,$/&&5 /-(03 5(603 1)$0+./41 $0 m(.0166: Q6&2$,6&26%/&$1- '/1 2+. ;/1$1 (8 2+. F%(D.,2: @/%$0.0.2 /&: B"HHG* "GHE 1/5 2+/2-6&2$,6&26%/&$1- /04 $21 F%(-(2$(0 $2 $1 0(2 (0&5 / -/22.% (8 4$88.%.02 F.(F&. &$<$03 $0 +/%-(05'$2+(0./0(2+.%*;62$2$0<(&<.1,(012/02&./%0$03*1(&<$034$88$,6&2.2+$,/&F%(;&.-1 /04 %./,+$03,(-F%(-$1.1 8(% /&& F/%21: f$2+$0 2+. 8%/-.'(%) (8 /,2$(0 %.1./%,+* 2+. %.1./%,+.%1 '/02.4 2( 4.<.&(F 0.' 12%/2.3$.1 /04 8(%-1 (8 /,2$(0 8(% 5(62+ '(%)* '+.%. G"

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2. Different perspectives on multiculturalism =+.,(0,.F2(8multiculturalism,/0;.8(604$0-/054$88.%.02,(02.L212(4/5:V&2+(63+$2$1 1(-.'+/260,&./%'+/22+.,(0,.F212/0418(%*/042+.61.(81.<.%/&F/%/&&.&'(%41/04(2+.%,(0,.F21 16,+ /1,6&26%/&l.2+0$, 4$<.%1$25*,6&26%/&l.2+0$, F&6%/&$1-,/0 -/). 2+.,(0861$(0.<.0;$33.%BR(,$/&125%.&1.0Giii*"KE:M02+$1,+/F2.%M'$&&F%.1.022+.+$12(%5(82+.,(0,.F2 /04 %.<$.' 4$88.%.02,(02.L21 $0 '+$,+ 2+.,(0,.F2 +/1 ;..0 61.4: M '$&& /&1( 4.8$0. 2+. 8%/-.'(%) $0 '+$,+ -6&2$,6&26%/&$1- $1 61.4 $0 2+$1 12645: M '$&& 2+.0 &(() /2 $02.%,6&26%/&,(--60$,/2$(0/1/-./01(8/,+$.<$03-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-: 2.1 History of the concept =+.,(0,.F2 (8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-1F%./4 8%(- e/0/4/ 2( V612%/&$/ /04 \6%(F. $0 2+../%&5 GibH1: Q6&2$,6&26%/&$1-* '+$,+ 4.8.04.4 2+. F%.1.%</2$(0 (8 2+. $--$3%/021? ('0,6&26%.*,+/&&.03.42+.(&42%/4$2$(01(8$--$3%/2$(012%/2.3$.12+/2'.%.;/1.4(0/11$-$&/2$(0*'+$,+ /116-.12+/2$--$3%/0211+(6&4>-.&2$02(A2+.-/D(%$25,6&26%.:Z/%$(61&$;.%/&/040.'&.82 3%(6F1 12/%2.4 2( 61. -6&2$,6&26%/&$1- /1 / -.2/F+(% 2+/2 /FF./&.4 8(% 2(&.%/0,. /04 +6-/0$1-:=+.1.</&6.1'.%.1.2$02(/F(&$2$,/&F%(3%/-2+/2<$.'.4-(4.%01(,$.25/1/ F&/,.'+.%.4$88.%.02,6&26%.1,(6&4,(T.L$12$0F./,.:BR,+$.%6F*GiiW*GH:E f+.0-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-$11..0/1$4.(&(3$,/&/04f(&$2$,/&$4./&18(%/1(,$.25*.76/&$25/04 D612$,.,(04$2$(01 8(% /&& -.-;.%1 (8 1(,$.25 %.3/%4&.11 (8 (%$3$0*.2+0$, $4.02$25* %.&$3$(0*,6&26%. (% /FF./%/0,.* /%. (8 / 3%./2 $-F(%2/0,.: V 1(,$.25 2+/2 +/1 / F(&$,5 B/,2$(0 F&/0* F%(3%/-*/,2$<$2$.1/04-./16%.1E2+/2/$-1/212%.032+.0$03/044.8.04$03,6&26%/&/04.2+0$, 4$<.%1$25,/0;.,/&&.4-6&2$,6&26%/&:BR(,$/&125%.&1.0*Giii*"I:E M0 e/0/4/* -6&2$,6&26%/&$1- '/1,&./%&5 12/2.4 $0 2+. [(&$,5 (8 Q6&2$,6&26%/&$1- $0 GibG: ^.%%5BGiiW*I"E%.3/%412+.e/0/4$/0F(&$,5(8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-/+63.1(,$/&.LF.%$-.02* '+$,+'/1/,26/&&52+.(0&5%./&$12$,F(&$,52+/2e/0/4/,(6&4,+((1.*,(01$4.%$03+$12(%$,/& /04,(02.-F(%/%5.2+0(,6&26%/& 4.-(3%/F+5: ^.%%5 B$;$4E /&1( 12%.11.1 2+. $-F(%2/0,. (8 /1)$0376.12$(01/;(622+.F(&$,5-.02$(0.4:f+/24($04$<$46/&-.-;.%1(81(,$.252+$0)(8 16,+ / F(&$,5* /04 $21 $-F&$,/2$(01g M1 2+. 3(/& (8 $02.3%/2$(0 /,,.F2.4g @(' 4(.1 2+. F%(-(2$(0(8F&6%/&$1-/88.,2/1.01.(80/2$(0/&60$25/04$4.02$25gV%.&.<.&1(8F%.D64$,.1 &('.0(63+/042(&.%/0,.+$3+.0(63+2(16FF(%216,+/F(&$,5gB^.%%5*GiiW*I":EV01'.%1 2(2+.1.76.12$(01'$&&+.&F3(<.%0-.0212(F%(-(2./041612/$0F&6%/&$1-$01(,$.25: GW

R'.4.0$12+.(0&5,(602%5$0\6%(F.'+.%.-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-+/14.<.&(F.4$02('+/2,(6&4 ;.,/&&.4/3.06$0.&512/2.T1/0,2$(0.4F(&$2$,/&$4.(&(35:R'.4.0+/1;.,(-.)0('08(%$21 /-;$2$(61 F%(3%/- 2( /,,.F2 /04 $02.3%/2. %.863..1 /04 8(% $21 (88$,$/& F(&$,5 (0-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-*'+$,++/1$21%((21$0/3(<.%0-.024.,$1$(02/).0$0GibIBR(,$/&125%.&1.0* Giii*KIE:f.&8/%.$4.(&(35(;D.,2$<.1/%.;/1.4(0.76/&$25BDS-&$)+.2E*8%..4(-(8,+($,. B</&8%$+.2E/04F/%20.%1+$FB1/-<.%)/0EBR,+$.%6F*GiiW*GGE:V,,(%4$032(2+.R'.4$1+^(/%4 (8@./&2+/04f.&8/%.*R'.4.0$112$&&8/%/'/58%(-%./,+$03$21-6&2$,6&26%/&3(/&1*$01F$2. (8 0./%&5 2'.025 5./%1 (8 >-6&2$,6&26%/& F(&$,5A: `/,$12 <$(&.0,. +/1 $0,%./1.4 /04.2+0$, 4$1,%$-$0/2$(0;(2+/2'(%)F&/,.1/04$0(2+.%F/%21(81(,$.2512$&&.L$121:BR(,$/&125%.&1.0* Giii* "c"b:e V,,(%4$03 2( R,+$.%6F BGiiWE* -6&2$,6&26%/&$1- +/1 12/%2.4 2( ;. $02.%F%.2.4 0.3/2$<.&5 ;5 2+. 3.0.%/& F6;&$, /04 ;5 2+. -/11 -.4$/: =+. F%.<$(61 F.%1F.,2$<. (8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-/1/F(1$2$<./11.2(8-(4.%01(,$.25+/1,+/03.42('/%411..$032+.8(%.$30 F%.1.0,./1/2+%./22(/1(,$/&1.,6%$251512.-2+/2$14.,&$0$03:@('.<.%*2+.R'.4$1+<$.' (0-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-$01F$%.42+.8(%-6&/2$(0(8(88$,$/&F(&$,$.1$0$02.%0/2$(0/&-$3%/2$(0/04.2+0$,%.&/2$(01$00.$3+;(%$03Y.0-/%)/04](%'/5:BR,+$.%6F*GiiW*GK:E 9$0&/04+/1;..0/&$22&.1&('.%2+/0$21R,/04$0/<$/00.$3+;(%1$08(%-6&/2$03$21$02.3%/2$(0 F(&$,5*;62$0Giii9$0&/04F/11.42+.V,2(02+.M02.3%/2$(0(8M--$3%/021/04`.,.F2$(0(8 V15&6-R..).%1BWiWlGiiiE:=+.9$00$1+&/'$10(2/1.L2.01$<./12+.R'.4$1+(0.*;62$2 /,)0('&.43.12+.0..48(%16FF(%2$03/04F%.1.%<$03$--$3%/021?('0,6&26%.:=+.%.8(%.*$2,/0 /&1( ;. $02.%F%.2.4 /1 F%(-(2$03-6&2$,6&26%/&$1- $0 / &/%3.% 1(,$.25: =+. 3(/&1 (8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1- $0 R'.4.0 /&1( $-F&$.4 2+/2 2+. 3.0.%/& F6;&$, '(6&4 /,,.F2-6&2$,6&26%/& /$-1BR,+$.%6F*GiiW*G"E*/0(2$(02+/2+/10(2;..0.-F+/1$J.4$02+.9$00$1+V,2: M0 2+. 9$00$1+ Government action plan to combat ethnic discrimination and racism* -6&2$,6&26%/&$1-$14.8$0.4/12+..76/&,(.L$12.0,.(8</%$(61,6&26%.1:e6&26%.$14.8$0.4/1/ 1512.- ;/1.4 (0 )0('&.43.* ;.&$.81 /04 </&6.1 2+%(63+ '+$,+ F.(F&. F%(,.11 2+.$%.LF.%$.0,.1/04(;1.%</2$(01*(F.%/2./04-/).,+($,.1:BQ$0$12%5(8j/;(6%*"HHG:E 2.2 Multiculturalism and acculturation strategies M02+.8$.&4(8$02.%,6&26%/&F15,+(&(35*multiculturalism$1(82.04$1,611.4$02+.,(02.L2(8 $--$3%/021? /4/F2/2$(0: ^.%%5.2 /&: B"HH"* KbIE +/<. 4.8$0.4-6&2$,6&26%/&$1- /1 an orientation that accepts both the maintenance of cultural identity and characteristics of all ethno cultural groups and the contact and participation of all groups in the larger plural society. ^.%%5.2/&:/&1(.L/-$0.2+.,(0,.F28%(-'$2+$02+.8$.&4(8$02.%,6&26%/&F15,+(&(35 GI

/04 2+.5 +/<. $4.02$8$.4 +(' 3%(6F1 /04 $04$<$46/&1 (%$.02 2+.-1.&<.1 /04 4./& '$2+ 2+. F%(,.11(84$88.%.02,6&26%.1,(-$03$02(,(02/,2:V,,(%4$032(2+.1./62+(%1*2+.%.8(%.(0.,(6&4 2+$0) (8 $02.%,6&26%/& F15,+(&(35 /1 ;.$03,%(11T,6&26%/& F15,+(&(35 $0,6&26%/&&5 4$<.%1.1(,$.2$.1:B^.%%5.2/&:*"HH"*KWc:E =+. 4.8$0$2$(0 (8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-* $0 2+. 8$.&4 (8 1(,$/& F15,+(&(35* +/1 $2 %((21 $0 /,,6&26%/2$(0/04/,,6&26%/2$(012%/2.3$.1B^.%%5.2/&:*"HH"*KIKE*'+$,+4.1,%$;.+('F.(F&. '$1+(%,+((1.2(&$<.$0,(02/,2'$2+/0(2+.%,6&26%.: Acculturation+/1;..04.8$0.4/12+. F%(,.11/0$04$<$46/&604.%3(.1$0%.1F(01.2(/,+/03$03,6&26%/&,(02.L2B^.%%5.2/&:"HH"* KWiE:^.%%5.2/&:76(2.`.48$.&4*j$02(0n@.%)(<$21BGiKcE*'+(3/<.2+.(%$3$0/&4.8$0$2$(0 (8 /,,6&26%/2$(0 /1P "those phenomena which result when groups of individuals having different cultures come into continuous first-hand contact, which subsequent changes in the original patterns of either or both groups " B^.%%5.2/&:*"HH"*KWiE:j$.;)$04BGiiW*"IE 4.1,%$;.1/,,6&26%/2$(0/1/F%(,.112+/22/).1F&/,.'+.04$88.%.02,6&26%.1,(-.$02(,(02/,2 '$2+./,+ (2+.% /04 $2 $0<(&<.1,+/03.1 $0 ;(2+ -$0(%$25 /04 -$0(%$25,6&26%.1: M0 2+. /,,6&26%/2$(0 F%(,.11*,+/03.1 (,,6% $0 F.(F&.?1 ;.&$.81* 8..&$031* /22$264.1* </&6.1 /04 ;.+/<$(%/04$2,(0,.%01;(2+-$0(%$253%(6F1$02.3%/2$(0$02+.-/D(%$25,6&26%.*/1'.&&/1 +('-.-;.%1(82+.-/D(%$25,6&26%.<$.'-.-;.%1(8,6&26%/&-$0(%$2$.1Bj$.;)$04*"HHH* GKE: M0 2+. 1/-. '/5 /1 $04$<$46/&1,/0 F%.8.% 4$88.%.02 12%/2.3$.1 2(,(F. '$2+ /,,6&26%/2$(0* 1(,$.25 /1 / '+(&.,/0,+((1. '+$,+ 12%/2.35 $2 F%.8.%1: f+.0,6&26%/& 4$<.%1$25 $1 /0 (;D.,2$<./04,.%2/$0F%.,(04$2$(01/%..12/;&$1+.4*$2,/0;.,/&&.4-6&2$,6&26%/&:=+.1.F%.T,(04$2$(01/%./18(&&('1Pwidespreadacceptance of the value of a cultural diverse society* relatively low levels of prejudice, positive mutual attitudes among ethnocultural groups and a sense of attachment to the larger society ;5/&&$04$<$46/&1/043%(6F1:=+.%.1+(6&4/&1(;./ 1688$,$.02 06-;.% (8 (0.?1.2+0(,6&26%/& 3%(6F 2+/2 '$1+ 2( -/$02/$0 2+. 3%(6F?1,6&26%/& +.%$2/3.:B^.%%5.2/&:*"HH"*KIKoKIc:E =+.,(0,.F2integration+/1;..061.42(4.1,%$;.+('$04$<$46/&1(%3%(6F1;(2++/<./0 $02.%.12$0-/$02/$0$03(0.?1,6&26%.(8(%$3$0/04$0+/<$03$02.%/,2$(0'$2+(2+.%3%(6F1$0 1(,$.25B^.%%5*Giib*iE:M01.<.%/&1264$.1*$02.3%/2$(0+/1;..01..0/12+.-(1216,,.1186& 12%/2.358(%/4/F2$032(/0.'1(,$.25B^.%%5*Giib*"WNj$.;)$04*"HHH*"GE:=+.$02.3%/2$(0 12%/2.35+/1/&1(8(%-.42+.;/1$18(%9$0&/04?1$--$3%/2$(0F(&$,5*'+$,+$14$%.,2.4;52+. Act on the Integration of Immigrants and Reception of Asylum Seekers. Gc

=+.(;D.,2$<.1(82+.V,2/%./18(&&('1P to promote the integration, equality and freedom of choice of immigrants through measures which help them to acquire the essential knowledge and skills they need to function in society For the purpose of this Act, integration means 1) The personal development of immigrants aimed at participation in work life and functioning of society while preserving their language and culture; and 2) The measures taken and resources provided by the authorities to promote such integration. (493/1999.) =+$1 V,2 $-F&$,$2&5 8(%-1 2+. ;/1$1 8(% 4.<.&(F$03 / -6&2$,6&26%/& 1(,$.25: ].<.%2+.&.11* $2 4(.1 0(2 2/). $02(,(01$4.%/2$(0 2+. 9$001? 0..4 8(% /4/F2$03 2( $0,%./1$03 $--$3%/2$(0: V -6&2$,6&26%/&1(,$.25$1/,+$.<.4'+.0.76/&$25/04$02.%/,2$(0;.2'..0/&&F.(F&.&$<$03$0 9$0&/04 $1 0/26%/& /04 '+.0 $2 ;.0.8$21.<.%5;(45 Be((0/0* "HHH* GIbE: f+.0 4$88.%.02,6&26%.1 -..2*,+/03.1-612 (,,6% '$2+$0 /&& 2+. F/%21 $0<(&<.4: k16/&&5* 2+. F%.116%. (8,+/03. &$.1 (0 2+. -$0(%$25,6&26%.* '+$,+ $1.LF.,2.4 2(,+/03. $0 (%4.% 2( /4/F2 2( 2+. -/D(%$25,6&26%.:M0/-6&2$,6&26%/&<$.'*,+/03.1/%./&1(.LF.,2.48%(-2+.-/D(%$25,6&26%.* $0 (%4.% 2( /4/F2 2( -6&2$,6&26%/&$1-: B1...:3: j$.;)$04* "HHH* GbG:E 9$001? /4/F2/2$(0 2( $--$3%/021+/1;..03$<.0-6,+&.11/22.02$(02+/0$--$3%/021?/4/F2/2$(02(9$00$1+1(,$.25 Bm/1$01)/D/Tj/+2$.2/&:*"HH"*G"bE: 2.3 Questioning multiculturalism Q6&2$,6&26%/&$1- +/1 0(2 (0&5 ;..0 1..0 /1 / F(1$2$<. F+.0(-.0(0 2+/2 F%(-(2.1,6&26%/& 4$<.%1$25 /04.0%$,+.1 2+..<.%54/5 &$<.1 (8 /&& F.(F&.: 9(%.L/-F&. $0 R'.4.0* 2+. -6&2$,6&26%/& F(&$,5 +/1 ;..0 1.%$(61&5 76.12$(0.4 46%$03 2+. &/12 8.' 5./%1: e6%%.02 $02.%F%.2/2$(01(8equality/%.3$<$03%$1.2(/060.76/&.2+0$,4$<$1$(0(8&/;(%*freedom of choice /1 &.3$2$-$J$03 1.3%.3/2$(0* /04 tolerance /1 16FF(%2$03 0.' 8(%-1 (8 %/,$1- BR,+$.%6F*GiiW*GKE:M02+.R,/04$0/<$/0,(602%$.1*'+.%.-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-'/1$02%(46,.4 2'.025(%2+$%255./%1./%&$.%2+/0$09$0&/04*1,+(&/%1/%.0('2/&)$03/;(62/;/04(0$03(% %.8(%-6&/2$032+.,(0,.F2:k0$<.%1/&$1-o.-F+/1$J$0360$<.%1/&+6-/0%$3+21/040..41o$1 /22%/,2$03-(%./04-(%.16FF(%2B$;$4:*GiiW*"cE: Q(&$0//04=.18/+60.512%.112+.$-F(%2/0,.(8&(()$03/2F('.%%.&/2$(01$01(,$.25/04/1)P '+(1.212+./3.04/8(%-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-gBGiiW*GGHE:=+.54.1,%$;.-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-/1/ doppelgänger BF+/02/1-/& 4(6;&.* )/)1($1(&.02(E* '+$,+ /2 (0,. +$4.1 2+. %./& F('.% Gb

12%6,26%.*'+$&.$2F%.2.0412(1.%<./&&'$2+(62%.3/%42(,&/11*%/,./043.04.%BQ(&$0/n =.18/+60.5*GiiW*GGHE: M02+$112645*M;/1.-54.8$0$2$(0(8-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-(02+.(%$3$0/&$4.(&(3516FF(%2.4$0 e/0/4/$02+.gich1*$0r'.4.0$02+.gibh1*/04(0^.%%5?14.8$0$2$(0(82+.,(0,.f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ntercultural communication and multiculturalism @/%4&5/05;(45,(6&44.052+.0..48(%/,,.F2$03,6&26%/&4$<.%1$25/048(%$0,%./1$032+. 604.%12/04$03(8(2+.%,6&26%.1:e(08&$,2146.2(F('.%%.&/2$(01*/04/,,.112(%.1(6%,.1/04 -$1604.%12/04$031;.,/61.(84$88.%.02,6&26%.1*/%$1..<.%54/5:R(-.(82+.1.,(08&$,21/%. 3&(;/&'+$&.1(-.-$3+2(0&5,(0,.%02'($04$<$46/&1:M02.%,6&26%/&,(--60$,/2$(04(.10(2 (0&52/).F&/,.$0$02.%0/2$(0/&1.22$031N$2,/0/&1(+/FF.0'$2+$0(6%('0,6&26%.:=+$1$1 F($02.4(62;5R/&(Tj..BGii_E*/,,(%4$032(+.%*F.(F&./%.0(2(0&5-.-;.%1(8(0.,6&26%.* 2+.5;.&(032(</%$(61,6&26%.1/22+.1/-.2$-.:\<.%54/5'./,2'$2+$04$88.%.02,6&26%.1P/2 +(-.* /2 '(%) /04 '$2+$0 (6% 8%.. 2$-. /,2$<$2$.1: M02.%,6&26%/&,(--60$,/2$(0 $1 2+.%.8(%. 2/)$03F&/,.'$2+$0(6%('00/2$(0/&,6&26%./042+$125F.(8,(--60$,/2$(0$1(82.0,/&&.4 >$02%/,6&26%/&,(--60$,/2$(0A: BR/&(Tj..* Gii_* b:e f.,/00(2 /<($4 /&& 2+.,(08&$,21 2+/2 /%$1.46.2(,6&26%/&4$88.%.0,.1*.$2+.%/2/3&(;/&&.<.&(%/2/F.%1(0/&&.<.&:^62'.,/02%5 2( 4$-$0$1+ 2+.- /04.04./<(% 2( -/). 2+.,(01.76.0,.1 &.11 1.<.%.: M02.%,6&26%/&,(--60$,/2$(0 /$-1 /2 4$-$0$1+$03 -$1604.%12/04$031 46. 2(,6&26%/& 4$88.%.0,.1: M0-5 (F$0$(0* $02.%,6&26%/&,(--60$,/2$(0,/0 2+61 ;. 61.4 /1 / -./01 8(% /,+$.<$03-6&2$,6&26%/&$1-: M0 2+. 8$.&4 (8 $02.%,6&26%/&,(--60$,/2$(0* $0,%./1.4 -$3%/2$(0 /04 $02.%/,2$(0 ;.2'..0 F.(F&.(84$88.%.02,6&26%/&;/,)3%(6041,(012$262.1(0.(82+.,.02%/&2+.-.1F%.4(-$0/2$03 $0 2+..02$%. /,/4.-$, 8$.&4: R/-(</% /04 [(%2.% BGiii* ce '%$2. 2+/2 2+.,(0,.%0 /;(62,6&26%/&4$<.%1$25+/13$<.0%$1.2(2+.-/%%$/3.(8,6&26%./04,(--60$,/2$(0$02+.60$76. G_

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