Natural gas and biogas in Finland 212
Natural gas biogas infinland and 212 Natural gas Since 1974 Share 1 % of primary energy Transmission system operator Gasum Oy Transmission grid 1 312 km Distribution companies 23 Distribution networks 1 885 km Customers 35 22 Sales in 211 3.9 billion m 3 or 39 TWh Supplies since 1974 98 billion m 3 Biogas Biogas production in 21 139 Utilization rate 66 % Energy produced 421 GWh Landfill gas recovery plants 39 Reactor plants, municipal wastewater 15 Reactor plants, industrial wastewater 2 Reactor plants, municipal solid waste 13 Reactor plants, farm scale 1 Finland Population 5.4 million Capital Helsinki with 596 inhabitants Languages Finnish (91 %) and Swedish (5 %) Currency Euro GDP at market price 35 559 e/inhabitant in 211 Editorial work Jyrki Pohjolainen Layout A-P Productions Oy Print Nykypaino Oy
Finnish Gas Association Natural gas consumption in Finland (1974 211) Gas Association is a former Finnish Natural Gas Association was established in 1986, new name in 21 is a member of the International Gas Union improves common operational conditions of gas usage provides expert services and education in the gas field organizes conferences and meetings has eight honorary and 62 actual members Gas importing company Gasum Gas distribution companies and big gas consumers Fortum Power and Heat Gasum Paikallisjakelu Gesterbyn Lämpö Haminan Energia Helsingin Energia Hyvinkään Lämpövoima Imatran Lämpö J.M. Huber Finland Kangasalan Lämpö Karhu Voima Keravan Energia Kotkan Energia KSS Lämpö Lahti Energia Lappeenrannan Energia Lempäälän Lämpö Leppäkosken Sähkö LNI-Lämpö Myllykoski Paper Mäntsälän Sähkö Neste Oil Orimattilan Lämpö Paroc Pohjolan Voima, Nokian Lämpövoima Porvoon Energia Raisio Ruukki Metals Sandvik Mining and Construction STERIS Finn-Aqua Stora Enso Tampereen Sähkölaitos UPM-Kymmene Valkeakosken Energia Vantaan Energia Companies selling gas appliances, equipment or services AGA Empower Gasum Energiapalvelut JK Pajarinen & Co Kaasulaite Lennart Wikström Kaasupörssi KWH Pipe Logica Suomi Naval Oilon Pöyry Finland Rejlers Sarlin Sensorex Siemens Osakeyhtiö Uponor Suomi Veho Group Vexve Wihuri Oy Witraktor Wärtsilä Finland YIT Industry Biogas company Metener Research and training organizations Hyria Education Lappeenranta University of Technology / LUTEnergy National Emergency Supply Agency Tampere Adult Education Centre VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland 5 4 3 2 1 Large industry Energy and power companies Regional distribution 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 1 3 5 7 9 11 Biogas production and utilization in Finland (1994 21) 15 12 9 6 3 Biogas utilized Combustion of surplus biogas 94 95 96 97 98 99 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 5 4 3 2 1 15 12 9 6 3 TWh Source: Finnish Gas Association Source: University of Eastern Finland, Reports and Studies in Forestry and Natural Sciences N:o 5
Natural gas consumption by market sectors in Finland (211) Number of natural gas consumers in Finland (on January 1, 212) Natural Gas Imports 3 98 or 39.1 TWh ( C, 36 MJ/m 3 ) 39.1 TWh Gross consumption 3 899 or 39. TWh Industry 46.2 % Regional distribution 5.6 % Energy and power companies 53.8 % 46.2% 53.8% 3. %.4 % Compressor stations Power production.7 % Combined district heat and power (CHP) 39.6 % District heat production 8.2 % Commercial sector 1. % Residential buildings 1. % Greenhouses.2 % Natural gas vehicles.1 % Consumption 3 899 = 39. TWh Number Consumption ( /a) Average consumption (m 3 /a/consumer) Households, cooking 27 33 1 3 Natural gas vehicles 965 5 4 9 One-family houses, heating 4 238 12 2 8 Apartment houses 77 24 3 9 Commercial and public buildings 1 144 41 36 Greenhouses 37 7 197 Small-scale industry 593 118 199 Heavy industry 35 1 82 52 District heating plants 8 32 4 Power plants 25 1 57 63 Total 35 22 3 899 11 Natural gas consumption in Finland (211) Heating: residential and commercial greenhouses 2.2 % District heating 8.2 % Space heating and hot water 31.8 % Forest industry 22.8 % Chemical industry 2.3 % Metal industry 1.9 % Glass and brick industry 1.8 % Food industry 1.2 % Other industry 1.2 % Production of electrical energy 29. % 19.3%.7% 9.% 2.3% 39.6% 8.2% 2.2% 1.1% 7.6% 24.4% 24.8% 12.6% 15.8% 3.1% Industrial processes 39.1 % Combined district heat and power 39.6 % Condensing power.7 % Combined heat and power, industry 24.8 % Industry; other use 24.4 % steam boilers 3.1 % direct processes 12.6 % non-energy use 7.6 % space heating 1.1 % Natural Gas Vehicles.1 % Source: Finnish Gas Association
Gas map Finland Finland Source: University of Joensuu, Reports of Ecological Research Institute, N:o 5 Number of biogas plants Landfill plants 39 Reactor plants municipal wastewater 15 industrial wastewater 2 farms 1 other 13 Total number: 79 Biogas plants Espoo Finström Forssa Haapajärvi Haapavesi Halsua Helsinki Huittinen Hyvinkää Hämeenlinna Iisalmi Ilmajoki Imatra Joensuu Jyväskylä Jämsä Järvenpää Kajaani Kerava Kitee Kotka Kouvola Kuopio Lahti Laihia Lappeenranta Laukaa Lohja Maaninka Maarianhamina Mikkeli Mustasaari Nivala Nokia Nurmijärvi Orivesi Oulu Pori Porvoo Raisio Rautjärvi Riihimäki Rovaniemi Salo Savonlinna Simpele Sotkamo Säkylä Tampere Turku Uusikaarlepyy Uusikaupunki Vaasa Vantaa Vehmaa Virrat Ylivieska Vaasa Gulf of Bothnia Town Natural gas or biogas district Natural gas pipeline Pori Baltic Sea Tampere Valkeakoski Hämeenlinna Lahti Turku Kokkola Salo Jyväskylä Rovaniemi Oulu Vantaa Porvoo Espoo Helsinki Finland Kajaani Kuopio Mikkeli Lappeenranta Kouvola Kotka Gulf of Finland Imatra Joensuu Russia St. Petersburg Length of the natural gas pipelines, km Transmission (steel) 1 312 Distribution polyethylene 1 782 steel 83 cast iron 2 Total length: 3 197 Natural gas pipeline networks Akaa Asikkala Espoo Hamina Hattula Helsinki Hollola Hyvinkää Hämeenkyrö Hämeenlinna Iitti Ikaalinen Imatra Janakkala Järvenpää Kangasala Kerava Kirkkonummi Kotka Kouvola Lahti Lappeenranta Lempäälä Lohja Luumäki Mäntsälä Nastola Nokia Orimattila Pirkkala Porvoo Riihimäki Ruokolahti Sipoo Siuntio Taipalsaari Tampere Tuusula Valkeakoski Vantaa Vihti Virolahti Ylöjärvi Source: Finnish Gas Association
Biogas from landfill gas recovery plants in Finland (1994 21) Biogas production by the types of biogas plants in Finland (21) 12 1 Combustion of surplus biogas Biogas utilized Farm-scale Industrial wastewater Biogas 8 6 4 2 94 95 96 97 98 99 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Biogas from reactor plants in Finland (1994 21) 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Combustion of surplus biogas Biogas utilized 94 95 96 97 98 99 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Other reactor plants GWh Municipal wastewater 5 4 3 2 1 Landfills 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 Heat Power Energy production from biogas in Finland (1994 21) 94 95 96 97 98 99 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 5 4 3 2 1 Source: University of Eastern Finland, Reports and Studies in Forestry and Natural Sciences N:o 5
Primary energy production of biogas in the EU (21, GWh) 5 4 3 2 1 Natural gas sales in the EU (211, TWh) 1 2 3 4 5 Germany 77 567 United Kingdom 2 611 United Kingdom 898 Germany 842 Italy 5 565 Italy 824 France 4 87 France 478 European Union Netherlands 3 412 Spain 2 311 Czech Republik 2 55 Austria 1 995 Belgium 1 482 Poland 1 333 Sweden 1 293 Denmark 1 189 Austria 11 Belgium 189 Poland 167 Romania 151 Hungary 117 Czech Republik 86 Netherlands 443 Spain 372 Source: EurObserv ER EU27 total production 127 273 GWh 5 4 3 2 Greece 787 Ireland 666 Finland 47 Hungary 398 Portugal 357 Slovenia 354 Latvia 155 Luxembourg 151 Slovakia 142 Lithuania 116 Estonia 43 Romania 13 Cyprus 2 1 Portugal 59 Slovakia 58 Ireland 53 Greece 51 Finland 43 Denmark 41 Lithuania 35 Bulgaria 31 Latvia 17 Sweden 15 Luxembourg 13 Slovenia 9 Estonia 6 EU27 total sales 5 98 TWh (GCV) 1 2 3 4 5 Source: Eurogas
World natural gas 21 (Including shale gas) Total world Proved reserves...375 trillion cubic metres Production...3 193 billion cubic metres Consumption...3 169 billion cubic metres Reserves to production ratio...117 years North America South&Central America Africa Europe & Eurasia Middle East Asia Pacific World R...65 tcm P...826 bcm C...846 bcm R/P...78 years R...42 tcm P...161 bcm C...148 bcm R/P...261 years R...44 tcm P...29 bcm C...15 bcm R/P...212 years R...81 tcm P...1 43 bcm C...1 137 bcm R/P...78 years R...76 tcm P...461 bcm C...366 bcm R/P...165 years R 67 tcm P...493 bcm C...568 bcm R/P...135 years Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 211
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