Natural gas and biogas infinland 2011
Natural gas biogas infinland and 2011 Editorial work Jyrki Pohjolainen Print Rakennuspaino Oy Layout A-P Productions Oy
Natural gas Since 1974 From Russia Share 10 % of primary energy Transmission system operator Gasum Oy Transmission grid 1 186 km Distribution companies 23 Distribution networks 1 842 km Customers 36 930 Sales in 2010 4.5 billion m 3 or 45 TWh Supplies since 1974 95 billion m 3 Biogas Biogas production in 2009 144 million m 3 Utilization rate 67 % Energy produced 436 GWh Landfill gas recovery plants 35 Reactor plants, municipal wastewater 15 Reactor plants, industrial wastewater 2 Reactor plants, municipal solid waste 4 Reactor plants, farm scale 9 Finland Population 5.37 million Capital Helsinki with 588 000 inhabitants Languages Finnish (91 %) and Swedish (5 %) Currency Euro GDP at market price 33 618 e/inhabitant in 2010
Finnish Gas Association Gas Association is a former Finnish Natural Gas Association was established in 1986, new name in 2010 is a member of the International Gas Union improves common operational conditions of gas usage provides expert services and education in the gas field organizes conferences and meetings has seven honorary and 63 actual members Gas importing company Gasum Gas distribution companies and big gas consumers Fortum Power and Heat Gasum Paikallisjakelu Gesterbyn Lämpö Haminan Energia Helsingin Energia Hyvinkään Lämpövoima Imatran Lämpö J.M. Huber Finland Kangasalan Lämpö Karhu Voima Keravan Energia Kotkan Energia KSS Lämpö Lahti Energia Lappeenrannan Energia Lempäälän Lämpö Leppäkosken Sähkö Myllykoski Paper Mäntsälän Sähkö Neste Oil Orimattilan Lämpö Paroc Pohjolan Voima, Nokian Lämpövoima Porvoon Energia Raisio Rautaruukki Sandvik Mining and Construction STERIS Finn-Aqua Stora Enso Tampereen Sähkölaitos UPM-Kymmene Valkeakosken Energia Vantaan Energia Vattenfall Lämpö Companies selling gas applances, equipment or services AGA Destia Empower Gasum Energiapalvelut JK Pajarinen & Co Kaasulaite Lennart Wikström Kaasupörssi KWH Pipe Logica Suomi Naval Oilon Pöyry Finland Rejlers Sarlin Sensorex Siemens Osakeyhtiö Soffco Uponor Suomi Veho Group Vexve Wihuri Oy Witraktor Wärtsilä Finland YIT Industry Biogas company Metener Research and training organizations Hyria Education Lappeenranta University of Technology / LUTEnergy Tampere Adult Education Centre VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
Natural gas consumption in Finland (1974 2010) 5000 Large industry 50 million m 3 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 74 76 Energy and power companies Regional distribution 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 40 30 20 10 0 TWh Source: Finnish Gas Association Biogas production and utilization in Finland (1994 2009) million m 3 150 120 90 60 30 0 Biogas utilized Combustion of surplus biogas 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Source: University of Eastern Finland, Reports and Studies in Forestry and Natural Sciences N:o 3
Natural gas consumption by market sectors in Finland (2010) Imports 4 463 million m 3 or 44.6 TWh (0 o C, 36 MJ/m 3 ) Natural Gas Industry 41.9 % Gross consumption 4 447 million m 3 or 44.5 TWh Regional distribution 5.4 % 44.3 % 2.4 % 0.6 % Energy and power companies 58.1 % Compressor stations Power production 1.0 % Combined district heat and power (CHP) 43.7 % District heat production 8.6 % Natural gas vehicles 0.1 % Residential buildings 1.2 % Commercial sector 0.9 % Greenhouses 0.2 % Chemical industry 17.9 % Other industry 1.4 % Food industry 0.9 % Glass and brick industry 1.3 % Metal industry 1.6 % Forest industry 21.2 %
Number of natural gas consumers in Finland (on January 1, 2011) Number Consumption (million m 3 /a) Average consumption (m 3 /a/consumer) Households, cooking 29 079 1 30 Natural gas vehicles 917 6 6 500 One-family houses, heating 4 147 14 3 400 Apartment houses 1 019 37 37 000 Commercial and public buildings 965 40 41 000 Greenhouses 35 8 235 000 Small-scale industry 628 108 170 000 Heavy industry 35 1 852 53 000 000 District heating plants 80 383 4 800 000 Power plants 25 1 977 79 000 000 Total 36 930 4 426 120 000 Natural gas consumption in Finland (2010) Consumption 4 447 million m 3 = 44.5 TWh Heating: residential and commercial greenhouses 2.3 % District heating 8.6 % Production of electrical energy 30.8 % 21.7% 1.0% 8.1% Space heating and hot water 33.9 % 22.0% 43.7% 8.6% 2.3% 1.0% 7.4% 22.2% 22.1% 11.2% 13.9% 2.6% Industrial processes 35.1 % Combined district heat and power 43.7 % Condensing power 1.0 % Combined heat and power, industry 22.1 % Industry; other use 22.2 % steam boilers 2.6 % direct processes 11.2 % non-energy use 7.4 % space heating 1.0 % Natural Gas Vehicles 0.1 % Source: Finnish Gas Association
Gas map Finland Number of biogas plants Landfill plants 35 Reactor plants municipal wastewater 15 industrial wastewater 2 farms 9 other 4 Town Total number: 65 Natural gas or biogas district Finland Source: University of Joensuu, Reports of Ecological Research Institute, N:o 5 Biogas plants Espoo Finström Forssa Haapajärvi Haapavesi Halsua Helsinki Hyvinkää Hämeenlinna Iisalmi Ilmajoki Imatra Joensuu Jyväskylä Järvenpää Kajaani Kerava Kotka Kouvola Kuopio Lahti Laihia Lappeenranta Laukaa Lohja Maaninka Maarianhamina Mikkeli Nivala Nokia Nurmijärvi Orivesi Oulu Pori Porvoo Raisio Rautjärvi Riihimäki Rovaniemi Salo Savonlinna Simpele Säkylä Tampere Turku Uusikaarlepyy Uusikaupunki Vaasa Vantaa Vehmaa Virrat Ylivieska Natural gas pipeline Gulf of Bothnia Vaasa Pori Baltic Sea Tamper Valkea Hämeenlinna Turku Kokkola Salo Jyväs Vanta Espoo Gu
kylä e koski Oulu Lahti a Porvoo Helsinki Rovaniemi Finland Kajaani Kuopio Lappeenranta Kouvola Kotka Mikkeli lf of Finland Imatra Joensuu Russia St. Petersburg Length of the natural gas pipelines, km Transmission (steel) 1 186 Distribution polyethylene 1 741 steel 81 cast iron 20 Total length: 3 028 Natural gas pipeline networks Akaa Asikkala Espoo Hamina Hattula Helsinki Hollola Hyvinkää Hämeenkyrö Hämeenlinna Iitti Ikaalinen Imatra Janakkala Järvenpää Kangasala Kerava Kirkkonummi Kotka Kouvola Lahti Lappeenranta Lempäälä Lohja Luumäki Mäntsälä Nastola Nokia Orimattila Pirkkala Porvoo Riihimäki Ruokolahti Sipoo Siuntio Taipalsaari Tampere Tuusula Valkeakoski Vantaa Virolahti Ylöjärvi Source: Finnish Gas Association
Biogas from landfill gas recovery plants in Finland (1994 2009) 120 100 Combustion of surplus biogas Biogas utilized 80 million m 3 60 40 Biogas 20 0 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Biogas from reactor plants in Finland (1994 2009) 35 Combustion of surplus biogas Biogas utilized 30 25 million m 3 20 15 10 5 0 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
Biogas production by the types of biogas plants in Finland (2009) Farm-scale Industrial wastewater Other reactor plants Municipal wastewater Landfills 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 million m 3 Energy production from biogas in Finland (1994 2009) GWh 500 400 300 200 100 Heat Power 0 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Source: University of Eastern Finland, Reports and Studies in Forestry and Natural Sciences N:o 3
Primary energy production of biogas in the EU (2009, GWh) 5 000 4 000 3 000 2 000 1 000 0 Source: EurObserv ER European Union Germany 54 301 United Kingdom 22 217 France 6 781 Italy 5 726 Netherlands 3 453 EU27 total production 107 560 GWh 5 000 4 000 Spain 2 367 Austria 2 128 Czech Republik 1 674 Belgium 1 607 Sweden 1 407 Denmark 1 283 Poland 1 263 Greece 757 Finland 534 Ireland 461 Hungary 396 Portugal 307 Slovenia 289 Slovakia 210 Luxembourg 159 Lithuania 61 Estonia 36 Cyprus 3 3 000 2 000 1 000 0
Natural gas sales in the EU (2010, TWh) 0 100 200 300 400 500 Austria 102 Belgium 215 Poland 168 Romania 147 Czech Republik 95 Ireland 61 Slovakia 61 Portugal 53 Finland 50 Denmark 50 Greece 41 Lithuania 32 Bulgaria 28 Latvia 19 Sweden 19 Luxembourg 16 Slovenia 11 Estonia 6 Hungary 126 Spain 401 United Kingdom 1 081 Netherlands 507 Germany 942 Italy 879 France 549 EU27 total sales 5 655 TWh (GCV) 0 100 200 300 400 500 Source: Eurogas
World natural gas 2009 North America South&Central America Africa World R P C R/P 9.16 tcm 813.0 bcm 810.9 bcm 11.3 years R P C R/P 8.06 tcm 151.6 bcm 134.7 bcm 53.2 years R P C R/P 14.76 tcm 203.8 bcm 94.0 bcm 72.4 years
Total world Proved reserves 187.49 trillion cubic metres Production 2987.0 billion cubic metres Consumption 2940.4 billion cubic metres Reserves to production ratio 62.8 years Europe & Eurasia R 63.09 tcm P 973.0 bcm C 1058.6 bcm R/P 64.8 years Middle East R 76.18 tcm P 407.2 bcm C 345.6 bcm R/P 187 years Asia Pacific R 16.24 tcm P 438.4 bcm C 496.6 bcm R/P 37.0 years Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2010
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