Miten älykkään kaupungin toimintaa mitataan? Miimu Airaksinen Research professor VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

Miten älykkään kaupungin toimintaa mitataan? Miimu Airaksinen Research professor VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

Innovatiivinen ja älykäs kaupunki ei ole itseisarvo, vaan sen tulee edistää Asukkaiden hyvää elämää Resurssitehokkuutta ja päästöjen vähenemistä Kansallista kilpailukykyä Älykäs kaupunki ei ole hallinnollinen alue! 25/04/2017 2

Kaupungit ja alueet on merkittäviä innovaatioiden kannalta Eurooppalaisista 78 % asuu kaupungeissa EU BKT:sta 85 % syntyy kaupungeissa 90 % kaikista innovaatioista tehdään kaupungeissa Samaan aikaan kaupungeissa syntyy myös 70 % CO 2 päästöistä 25/04/2017 3

Älykäs kaupunki on kestävä 25/04/2017 4

Yksiköistä järjestelmiksi arvoketjut uusiksi Suunnittelu ja operointi on tehtävä yhä enemmän järjestelmätasolla ja monta tavoitetta yhtä aikaa huomioiden. Eri asioiden kytkeytyminen toisiinsa paikasta riippumatta mahdollistaa ja edellyttää uudentyyppisiä liiketoimintamalleja. Johtamisen ja päätöksenteon on myös muututtava. CityPlan - Buildings age - + Available dwellings + Births + Weight factors + Buildings construction - - Population + - Demolition - +/- + District Attractiveness + - - - - + + - Available services and jobs + Deaths Material use Energy use Travelled distance - Material recovery strategies + - - Congestion + Public transport policies Environmental impacts Roads construction + Local energy production 25/04/2017 5

Mapping existing frameworks 25/04/2017 6

Mapping existing frameworks 25/04/2017 7

Foundation of the smart cities is the sustainability, technology is enabling better efficiency and user well-being People Planet Prosperity Governance Propagation Health (3) Energy & mitigation (7) Employment (2) Organisation (6) Scalability (10) Safety (4) Access to (other) services (7) Education (3) Materials, water and land (10) Climate resilience (1) Pollution & waste (4) Equity (2) Green economy (3) Economic performance (5) Community involvement (5) Multi-level governance (2) Replicability (8) Diversity & social cohesion (3) Ecosystem (2) Innovation (5) Quality of housing and the built environment (6) Attractiveness & competitiveness (1) 25/04/2017 8

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Gap analyse There are in principle indicators available for each of the subthemes. However, there are significant variations in the coverage of the subthemes Best covered are People, Planet and Prosperity Gaps: Project level Education, Employment, Scalability, Replicability City level: Multilevel governance 25/04/2017 10

KPIs What you measure is what you get 25/04/2017 11

Performance monitoring Decision-support based on: reliable monitoring on smart city performance holistic key performance indicators framework and a city index The implementation of a common performance measurement framework is based on a set of relevant indicators, open data applications and decisionsupport user-interfaces enables stakeholders to learn from each other, create trust in solutions and monitor progress. 25/04/2017 12

Implemented CITYkeys performance measurement system 25/04/2017 13

Framework and datasets needed for testing In total the smart city KPIs need 116 raw data sets On average 72% of them seem available in partner cities Most of them can be retrieved from statistical sources The boundaries of SC project data sets usually depend on the project Needed data is typically not readily available Typical sources include project documentation and interviews with project manager The share of open data providing the needed data sets varies from 1% to 25%, and is 15% on average Cities have up to 300 open data sets in their portals but only some of them are relevant for CITYkeys smart city KPIs Today, a smart city performance measurement system cannot yet rely only on open data 25/04/2017 14 14

ITU testing in Rotterdam Total ICT footprint (direct and indirect): 517 kton CO 2 Five times the direct impact Plus: direct infrastructure impact 128 kton CO 2 25/04/2017 15 15

ITU testing in Tampere Journey planner app Total energy consumption ICT 1,884 kwh/hr (for running traffic information, car/public transport journey planners, energy efficiency calculator) Assumption 53 testers used the app one hour on average in two months testing period During testing period: Total CO2 emissions ICT: 17 kg CO 2 Savings by modal shift: 57 kg CO 2 Net savings of the project: 40 kg CO 2 25/04/2017 16

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Progress monitoring and visualisations Smart city key performance indicators 25/04/2017 18

New integrated cross domain services CITIZEN INDUSTRY MUNICIPALITIES NEW SERVICES NEW SERVICES NEW SERVICES Virtual Twin enables real time forecasting and selflearning systems VTT City Twin VIRTUAL TWIN ENABLING PLATFORM VIRTUAL INFRASTRUCTURE VIRTUAL INFRASTRUCTURE VIRTUAL INFRASTRUCTURE VIRTUAL INFRASTRUCTURE Services Services Services Services ICT system ICT system ICT system ICT system Current city systems Physical infrastructure Physical infrastructure Physical infrastructure Physical infrastructure 25/04/2017 19

Open Challenge at Zaragoza Business Incubator: Opportunity for an intermodal system (public bikes + light rail) 25/04/2017 20

City, district and building dashboards 25/04/2017 21

Real-time analysed information of cities and infrastructures Traffic Energy Buildings Tampere public transport & open data City level Indicators - City and project level District Satellite (infrared) Faults and alarms Infra monitoring District level faults and alarms kalevi.piira@vtt.fi topi.penttinen@vtt.fi henri.bistrom@vtt.fi jouko.piippo@vtt.fi juhani.korkealaakso@vtt.fi Flash floods Flood forecast Flood situation, flood alarms & action instruction Fire is in this part of the building Fires Fire situation, dangerous materials, critical cables Weather radar 25/04/2017 22

Heavy rain, flooding, security and safety Local warning system: SmartAlarm Asemapiirros Kerroskuvat Tulvahälytys 3a. Kiinteistötason tilannekuva, tulvaennuste, hälytykset, toimintaohjeet Tulvahälytys Mahdollinen tulvatilanne Ei vaaraa 1. Rain measurements (mittaukset, tutkasade-ennusteet) 2. Flooding prediction by simulations (10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 1 h, jne.) 3b. Kaupunkitason tilannekuva, tulvaennusteet ja toimintaohjeet. Tulvaennuste (10 min, jne) 25/04/2017 23

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http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/researchhighlights/2015/r12.pdf 25/04/2017 30

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