The principle of process stabilisation Feeding of the the dredged sediment from barges to feeding tray Moistened binders - belt feeding of fly ash FEEDING TRAY MIXING TRAY Dry binders - silo I blast furnace slag - silo II rapid cement UNLOADING OF THE STABILISED MATERIAL FLY ASH AS BINDER FOR SOFT SOILS ABSOILS SEMINAR 11.-12.9.2014 D.Sc. (Tech.) Pentti Lahtinen pentti.lahtinen@ramboll.fi
HOW MUCH CAN WE STABILISE WITH FLY ASHES? Helsinki Energy: Fly ash DSW 78 000 t/a 12 000 t/a = 90 000 t/a Stabilisation of clay: Fly ash 100-200 kg/m³ -> about 0,5-1,0 million m³ (stabilised clay) 2
VUOSAARI HARBOUR, MASS STABILISATION OF TBT-SEDIMENT, 2005-2006 Test basin Sedimentlagoons 3
BINDER RECEPTATION Results of a leaching test Cumulative solubility of TBT Modified diffusion test 16.9.2005 1,0 0,9 SR-cement 0,8 Cumulative lsolubility [mg/m 2 ] 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 CEM II B - cement 0,2 SR-cem+fly ash+desulfication waste 0,1 SR-cement+fly ash 0,0 Unstabilised 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 CEM II B-cement+ fly ash Days after starting the test 4
NEW HARBOUR IN VUOSAARI, HELSINKI 2008 5
6
EFFECT OF THE E-MODULUS OF A STABILISED BASE COURSE TO THE THICKNESS OF THE COVERING COURSE AND THE COSTS. 45,00 225 Price [ /m 2 ] 40,00 35,00 30,00 25,00 20,00 15,00 10,00 5,00 0,00 Price of conventional structure 39,16 /m 2 Price of stabilised structure 'Saving' Thickness of asphalt layer 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 Thickness of asphalt layer [mm] -5,00 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 E-modulus (stabilisation) [MPa] 7
THE SITEMAP OF THE PILOT STRUCTURES, 60000 M 2 8
CONSTRUCTION OF THE PILOT STRUCTURE storage stacks stationary multimode mixer 9
CONSTRUCTION OF THE PILOT STRUCTURE asphalt spreading machine stabilising cutter 10
QUALITY CONTROL DURING CONSTRUCTION OF THE PILOT STRUCTURE The samples from stabilisation site (analysed by Niton) Content of Ca x 1000 [ppm] 25,0 20,0 15,0 10,0 5,0 0,0 N1 /5.9. N2 /5.9. N3 /7.9. N4 /7.9. N5 /7.9. N6 /12.9. N7 /12.9. N8 /12.9. N9 /12.9. N10 /14.9. N11 /14.9. N12 /14.9. Target (at this case) Sample number and sampling day The content of calcium in samples taken and measured with Niton after stabilising cutter. The columns give an average value of five parallel measurements. 11
THE COMPLETED PILOT STRUCTURE (60 000 M 2 ) READY FOR USE, CONSTITUTING 4 % OF THE HARBOUR FIELD (150 HECTARES). 12
STABILISATION OF CONTAMINATED DREDGED MASSES WITH FLY ASH BINDER ADMIXTURE 13
MAP OF THE CONTAMINATED AREAS IN THE RIVER AURA, TURKU Highly contaminated sediments Contaminated sediments Contaminated sediments 14
BINDER RECIPE MAKING It is very effective and economic to use industrial by-products. In the case of the Aura river, the most effective by-products combined with cement are coal fly ash, blast-furnace slag and oil shale ash. 1-axial compression strenght [kpa] 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Duration of curing 90 d, +8 C Duration of curing 180 d, +8 C Addition of PKT 150 250 kg/m 3 Yleis50 + PKT150 Yleis50 + PKT200 Yleis50 + PKT250 Yleis = General cement PKT = Estonian oil shale fly ash Pika = Rapid cement KJ =Blast-furnace slag LT = coal fly ash Target level 100 kpa Yleis200 Yleis250 Pika45 + KJ105 + LT100 Amount of binder(s) [kg/m 3 ] Pika70 + KJ150 + LT100 15
TRANSPORTATION ROUTE OF THE SEDIMENTS, PANSIO LAGOON 16
Image size: 7,94 cm x 25,4 cm PIANC AGA TECHNICAL SEMINAR 27.5.2009 IN-SITU STABILISATION OF CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS IN FINLAND CASE AURAJOKI
SMOCS WORKSHOP, KOKKOLA 2011 SEPTEMBER 14 TH SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS, CASE KOKKOLA PENTTI LAHTINEN, RAMBOLL FINLAND pentti.lahtinen@ramboll.fi
CASE KOKKOLA DEEP PORT RAILWAY YARD SILVERSTONE PORT GENERAL PORT
DREDGING AND DUMPING 20
STABILISATION BASIN BEFORE STABILISATION 21
PRELIMINARY TEST RESULTS, FLY ASH 22
FIELD TEST RESULTS, ONE YEAR AFTER STABILISATION 23
FINNISH RECYCLING MATERIAL PROGRAM UUMA2 Demonstration projects Roves Sampaanalanlahti
In-situ massastabilointi pohjavahvistuksena ja maarakennusmateriaalina
Ex-situ stabilointi, jossa stabilointialtaassa stabiloitu massa hyödynnetään muualla
Ex-situ stabilointi, jossa stabilointialtaassa stabiloitu massa hyödynnetään muualla
a) Massastabiloitu materiaali kadun pengertäytössä ja jakavassa kerroksessa (tumman vihreä, a). Massastabilointi pohjamaan lujittamisessa (vaalean vihreä, b) ja massastabilointiin kaivettu luiskattu kunnallistekniikan kaivanto. b)
Merestä ruopatut sedimentit on massastabiloitu ja hyödynnetty satamakentän täytössä ja päällysrakenteen alaosassa.
a) Massastabilointialtaat Vuosaaren satamassa (lähde: Vuosaaren satama), b) massastabilointi käynnissä Valencian satamassa (lähde: ALLU).
Viher- ja maisemarakentamisen täyttöjä massastabiloidusta heikkolaatuisesta ylijäämämaasta. Viherrakentamisessa 1. maisemointitäytöt, 2. raittien pengertäytöt, 3. maisemointikumpareet ja 4. raitin pohjanvahvistus.
Ida Aalbergin puisto. Syvästabiloitujen ylijäämäsavien hyödyntämistä Ida-Aalbergin puistossa (lähde: Aino-Kaisa Nuotio)
a) b) Aluerakentamiskohde, jossa suoalue on muutettu kantavaksi ja rakentamiskelpoiseksi massastabilointia käyttäen a) ennen massastabilointia ja b) massastabiloinnin jälkeen (Lähde: Geoteknisen osaston julkaisu 92, 2007)
Finnish Recycling Material Program UUMA2 in nutshell Starting point Results Poor quality soils: clays Silts sediments Slightly polluted soils soils sediments Industrial wastes and by-products ashes slags fiber clay crushed concerete gypsum tailings asphalt waste glass Landfill Utilisation in infrastructure UUMA2 Demonstration programme 2012-2017 Applications roads streets railways ports site development industrial sites shopping centres parks sport venues Financial savings Diminished use of natural resources Decreased emissions of CO 2 Less energy consumed Less transportation New business opportunities Decreased landfilling
UUMA 2 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE 30.11.12 STEERING GROUP CHAIRMAN + CO-FINANCIERS Strategy, financing, implementation guidance, communication and knowledge transfer - stakeholders/ projects, support for projects EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Responsibility for the practical implementation of the UUMA2 programme according to the decisions of the Steering Group Dissemination WWW-pages Guidelines Seminars Guidance and educational materials UUMA core project Industrial product development projects Materials Applications Logistics Storage Construction Equipment Quality control guidance Demonstration projetcs Fairways Regional projects Industrial ares Shopping centres Ports Sport venues Agriculture and forestry Mining Regional projects Savo-Karjala UUMA Etelä-Pohjanmaa Pirkanmaa Satakunta Oulu Metropolitan area Kaakkois-Suomi Keski-Suomi - R&D Public Acquisition procedures Environmental studies Life Cycle Assessment Design process Technical and environmental requirements - Companies Tekes EU Project budget Participation in regional projects Public funding Tekes, EU Transportation Dpt, EnvMin Other funding 37
UUMA2 DEVELOPMENT AREAS 1.Product development process for materials -Technical eligibility -Environmental suitability -Production process: logistics, storage -Applications 2.Development of construction technologies 3.Development of planning and design process 4.Development of acquisition methods 5.Development of environmental legislation
UUMA2 -IMPLEMENTATION 1.Product development 2.Demonstration projects 3.Regional projects 4.R&D (design processes, acquisition methods, research and development actions stipulated by environmental legislation) 5.Dissemination of information (instructions, web pages, seminars, knowledge transfer to educational institutions)
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