Kestävän korjausrakentamisen tutkimusseminaari

Transkriptio

1 Kestävän korjausrakentamisen tutkimusseminaari Korjausrakentamisen potentiaalit ja taloudelliset vaikutukset Sakari Pulakka, VTT

2 2 Sisältö Kestävän korjausrakentamisen periaatteet Esimerkit energiatehokkaan korjausrakentamisen kustannusvaikutuksista Päiväkoti Saana Tyypilliset pien- ja kerrostalotyypit Asuinkerrostalokannan energiatehokkuuden parantaminen Suomi EU-27

3 Case Study project Opetushallitus, Finland Project stages Key decisions Clients/ Users US Design team DESIGN Construction BUILD Finance FINANCE Society APPROVAL Problem identificatio n (needs, etc.) Developing new kind of work place Developing architecture of the building Developing inner circumstances and energy efficiency Prevent of damage mechanisms of structures Technical and social issues Survey carried out by architect, condition surveyors and work place consults Defining performanc e criteria Performance criteria are based on problem identification..modelling possible alternatives for of renewed facade Design developmen t Work with all actors Evaluation simulation and testing Group analysis of comparison of alternative comparison and assessment of chosen solution. Constructio n Inspection has been carried out together during each work stage. Handover and evaluation Hand over documentation. Architect evaluated and compared results with predictions. Clients and Users Occupants Owner Design team: Architect modeller Construction sector: Surveyor (Architect) Finance Owner Society LA Building Regulations Officer High importance Low importance luvun toimitaloille ominaista on heikosti toimiva työympäristö, alhainen laatútaso, korkeat energiakulutukset ja sisäilmaongelmat.

4 4 Päiväkoti Saanan korjausvaihtoehtojen taloudellisuus Helsinki Saana Total room-area room-m 2 Basic energy renovation Maximal energy renovation Difference in heating energy consumption MWh/a DIFFERENCE IN ACQUISITION COST Refurbishment of facades 457 m Refurbishment of roof m Renewing of windows 137 m Improvement of air-tightness Improvement of heat recovery of ventilation Indirect costs TOTAL TOTAL /room-m DIFFERENCE IN LIFE CYCLE COST IN 20 YEARS Acquisition cost Resale value Financial cost Heating cost (real rise of energy price + 4 %/a) TOTAL PAYBACK TIME y 15 14

5 5 Päiväkoti Saanan maksimitason energiakorjauksen elinkaarikustannuserot verrattuna tilanteeseen ennen korjausta nykyarvona (euroa/m2) energian reaalihintanousuin 0, 2 %/v ja 4 %/v v 10 v 20 v 30 v % 2 %/v 4 %/v -250

6 6 Mecoren konseptit Required energy savings connected to necessary renovation: additional thermal insulation (100 mm) in connection to refurbishment of facades, improvement of air-tightness, adjustment of heating system. Demand to renewing of ventilation in connection to pipeline operations included in 25 % of renovations. Building with new ventilation and passive level envelop in connection to pipeline operations in 25 % of renovations in whole residential building stock Almost net zero energy building passive level envelope, mechanical ventilation with effective heat recovery and solar collectors for water heating, heat pump system, pellet system etc.

7 7 Tyyppipientalon korjausvaihtoehtojen taloudellisuus Detached house room-m 2 Unit Basis Required energy savings Building with passive level envelope Almost net zero energy building Heating energy MWh/y 29,8 20,4 11,6 5,0 Electricity energy kwh/y 5,4 5,4 5,4 6,0 ECONOMICAL EFFECTS Difference in investment cost Investment supports Residual value (envelope) Difference in financial cost /20y Difference in heating cost /20y Difference in electricity cost /20y Difference in Life Cycle Cost /20y Difference in Life Cycle Cost /y Difference in Life Cycle Cost /room-m 2 /y -4,1-4,5-6,2

8 8 Tyyppikerrostalon korjausvaihtoehtojen taloudellisuus Residential block of flats room-m 2 Unit Basis Required energy savings Building with new ventilation and passive level envelope Almost net zero energy building Heating energy MWh/y 309,5 278,5 153,2 75,0 Electricity energy kwh/y 58,3 58,3 58,3 62,9 ECONOMICAL EFFECTS Difference in investment cost Investment supports Residual value (envelope) Difference in financial cost /20y Difference in heating cost /20y Difference in electricity cost /20y Difference in Life Cycle Cost /20y Difference in Life Cycle Cost /y Difference in Life Cycle Cost /room-m 2 /y 1,6-1,2-0,9

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10 10 Asuinrakennuskannan lämpöenergiantarpeen alentamispotentiaalit vuosittain Heating energy Heating energy Savings in energy consumptions TWh/y; consumption GWh/y; demand in present residential Demanded Recommended building stock renovation renovation 2030 actions concepts Residential building stock Reduction by building stock % 2030 Renovated totally with demanded % energy saving actions Renovated 50 % by new ventilation and % and passive level envelope and 50 % to almost net zero energy buildings Residential building stock

11 11 Asuinrakennuskannan energiansäästön mahdollisuudet ja vaikutukset Whole residential building stock Total area mill. m 2 (2010), renovated area m 2 by Renovated area in year mill. room- m 2 /y Corresponding annual heating cost savings in average mill. /y Extra investment costs caused by savings 2030 mill. /y Annual need for public support (10 15 % of investment) mill. /y Labour effects Person years/y Renovated totally with demanded energy savings Renovated totally by new ventilation and passive level envelope Renovated totally to almost net zero energy buildings Renovated 50 % by new ventilation and and passive level envelope and 50 % to almost net zero energy buildings 7, , , ,

12 12 ERA-tavoitteet, koko rakennuskanta

13 13 Susref Korjauskonseptien elinkaarikustannukset

14 14 Area EU-27 Energiakorjausten vaikuttavuus EU-27 New inner insulation Cavity insulation External insulation Replacing renovation of facades and windows Energy price (average) e/kwh Refurbished facades mill. facade-m 2 /y Replaced facades mill. façade-m 2 /y 250 Replaced windows mill. window-m2 40 Corresponding floor area mill.floor-m 2 /y Energy savings million kwh/y Analysis period y Rise of energy price: %/y Total ECONOMICAL EFFECTS Difference in unit investment cost e/floor-m Difference in investment cost mill.e/y Difference in heating cost mill.e/20 y Difference in financial cost mill.e/20 y Difference in Life Cycle Cost mill.e/20 y Pay Back time years SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS Increase of labour Man years/y

15 15 EU-27 Kokonaisvaikutukset herkkyystarkasteluineen EU -27 Unit Basic analysis Pessimistic analysis (25% decreased volumes) The share of the Total investment cost that is allocated to mere energy renovation * Annual saving in energy cost (because of assumed refurbishment measures) (considering the real rice of energy costs) Difference in annual Life Cycle Cost in average (total) Increase of labour Optimistic analysis (25% increased volumes ) billion /year billion /year -2, billion /20 years Man years/year

16 16 Kestävän korjausrakentamisen merkitys Vaikuttavuus Huomattava lämpöenergiankulutuksen aleneminen ja hiilijalanjäljen pieneneminen Huomattavasti parantunut elinkaaritaloudellisuus Riskit: Energiantuotannon muutosten hallittavuus Konsultointipalvelujen ja korjauskonseptien riittävä kehittyminen Korjattujen rakenteiden ja järjestelmien tekninen toimivuus Mahdollisuudet: Työllisyyden parantaminen ja siihen kytkeytyvän koulutuksen kasvattaminen Alueellisen rakentamisen ja energiantuotannon kokonaishallinnan kehittyminen

17 17 Arvoa tuottavan aluerakentamisen merkitys

18 18 Olennaisia vaatimuksia Korjausrakentamisen innovaatiotoimintojen kiihdytys Julkiset investointiavustukset ja verovähennykset kytkeytyen rakennusvalvonnan ohjaustoimeen Korjauskonsultoinnin osaamisen vahvistaminen Kestävien hankintojen vakiintuminen Vaihtoehtoisten korjauskonseptien kehitys ja tarjonta rahoitus- ja huoltopalveluin Käyttäjäopastuksen ja käyttäjän vaikutusmahdollisuuksien kasvattaminen Toimitalo-omistuksen toimintamallien kehittäminen ja vakiinnuttaminen; esim. Senaatti-kiinteistöjen ELVYKOR Elvyttävä korjausrakentaminen

19 19 VTT - 70 vuotta teknologiaa yhteiskunnan ja elinkeinoelämän hyväksi