Defining nearly zero in Finland - FInZEB

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Martti Korpela
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1 Defining nearly zero in Finland - FInZEB HP4NZEB-seminar

2 A nearly zero energy (EPBD) (EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive) Extremely high energy efficiency Energy demand is covered at large with renewable energy sources Minimum energy use Including onsite and nearby renewable energy 2

3 The starting point in FInZEB Health and safety Extremely high energy efficiency Energy demand is covered at large with renewable energy sources Minimum energy use Including onsite and nearby renewable energy Total energy performance calculation Cost-efficiency 3

renewable energy sources Minimum energy use Including onsite and

4 The features of a nzeb- 4. Other requirements 3. Total energy performance, nzeb E-value 2. The electric power of the 1. Heat loss of the 4

5 1. Heat losses 4. Other requirements 3.. Overall energy use, nzeb E-value 2. The electric power of the 1. Heat loss of the FInZEB proposal: The current heat loss balancing calculation with updated values for comparison Requirements for the thermal transmittance of the structures (Uvalues) remain mainly at the current level (set in year 2012) Better windows, U-value for comparison eg. 0,8 W/m 2,K Tighter comparison value for heat recovery efficiency: proposal 60 % (excl. hospitals) Possibly an updated comparison value for air tightness as well 5

thermal transmittance of the structures (Uvalues) remain mainly at the current level (set in year 2012) Better windows, U-value for

6 2. The electric power FInZEB proposals: 4. Other requirement 3 Total energy performance, nzeb E-value 2. The electric power of the 1. Heat loss of the A calculated peak electric power of a must be calculated A certain percentage of the peak power should be demand based controlled (percentage depends on type) The rules for calculation require development The goal is technology and market driven situation, such as demand side management (SmartGrid) The objective is to reduce harmful impacts of the s electric power peaks on electricity grid and to reduce emissions of the electricity production. 6

(percentage depends on type) The rules for calculation require development The goal is technology and market driven situation, such as demand side

7 3. nzeb-e-value FInZEB proposal: 4. Other requirement 3. Total energy performance, nzeb E-value 2. The electric power of the 1. Heat loss of the The total energy performance of a will be calculated with updated E-value calculation norms Existing energy carrier factors Renewable energy produced on-site or near-by is taken into account in reducing the annual use of delivered energy in the Renewable energy sold out can partly be taken into account in reducing the E- value The distribution of the energy use and the use of delivered energy (E-value output) must be reported 7

Renewable energy produced on-site or near-by is taken into account in reducing the annual use of delivered energy in the Renewable energy sold

8 4. Other requirements 4. Other requirements 3. Total energy performance, nzeb E-value 2. The electric power of the 1. Heat loss of the FInZEB proposal: When applying for a permit Indoor temperature analysis (indoor conditions during the summer) SFP value of the ventilation system RER value must be calculated (no requirement) Energy certificate When commissioning Air tightness is measured Energy consumption with actual estimated use is calculated Energy certificate is updated Instructions for operation and maintenance The correspondence between the design and the real operation of the energy consuming systems must be checked. 8

system RER value must be calculated (no requirement) Energy certificate When commissioning Air tightness is measured Energy consumption with actual estimated

9 FInZEB calculation steps The determination of the energy saving actions in typical s and calculation of their impact on the energy use of the LCC calculations of the energy saving actions The compilation of the energy saving actions into action packages. Energy and LCC analyses of the action packages. Energy carrier analysis Proposal of the nzeb E-value levels 9

actions The compilation of the energy saving actions into action packages.

10 APARTMENT BUILDINGS: FInZEB-E-value Current C-class (130 kwh/m²,a) Current A-class (75 kwh/m²,a) Calculated with the D3/2012 norms; can be compared with the current E- value kwh/m2,a E-value with renewable energy KAUKOLÄMPÖ Ground MAALÄMPÖ source District heating PELLETTIKATTILA Pellet boiler GSHP MAALÄMPÖ + solar + Average Energiamuotojen of the heat pump collectors AURINKOLÄMPÖ different keskiarvo energy carriers kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a Laskettujen Average of rakennusten the s keskiarvo calculated Toimenpidepakettien Average of the action keskiarvo packages + + aurinkosähkö PV-panels Ehdotus Proposal nzeb-raja-arvoksi for the E-value Toimenpidepakettien Average of the action keskiarvo packages Toimenpidepakettien Average of the action keskiarvo packages + + vähennys lower value LKV:n in standardikäytössä the use of hot water 10

boiler GSHP MAALÄMPÖ + solar + Average Energiamuotojen of the heat pump collectors AURINKOLÄMPÖ different keskiarvo energy carriers kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a Laskettujen Average of

11 APARTMENT BUILDINGS: FInZEB-E-value A B C D E nzeb-e-value E-value of the base cases Calculated nzeb-e-values between kwh/m²,a. Proposal for nzeb-e-value: 116 kwh/m²,a. E-values of the base cases between kwh/m 2,a. Current minimum requirement (Finnish Building Code: D3/2012) for new s: class C, E-value 130 kwh/m 2,a F The scale of energy efficiency classes according to the regulation by the Ministry of the Environment 250 G

E-values of the base cases between 107 126 kwh/m 2,a.

12 OFFICE BUILDINGS: FInZEB-E-value Current C- class (170 kwh/m²,a) Current A- class (80 kwh/m²,a) DISTRICT KAUKOLÄMPÖ HEATING MAALÄMPÖ GSHP PELLETTIKATTILA BOILER Energiamuotojen Average of the different keskiarvo kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a energy kwh/m²,a carriers kwh/m 2,a Laskettujen Average of rakennusten the s keskiarvo calculated Toimenpidepakettien Average of the action keskiarvo packages Toimenpidepakettien Average of the action keskiarvo packages + aurinkosähkö + PV Ehdotus Proposal nzeb-raja-arvoksi for the E-value 12

kwh/m²,a kwh/m²,a energy kwh/m²,a carriers kwh/m 2,a Laskettujen Average of rakennusten the s keskiarvo calculated Toimenpidepakettien Average of the

13 OFFICE BUILDINGS: FInZEB-E-value A B C D E F G nzeb-e-value E-value of the base cases Calculated nzeb-e-values between kwh/m²,a. Proposal for nzeb-e-value : 90 kwh/m²,a. E-values of the base cases between kwh/m 2,a. Current min. requirement (Finnish Building Code: D3/2012) for new s: class C, E-value 170 kwh/m 2,a The scale of energy efficiency classes according to the regulation by the Ministry of the Environment

E-values of the base cases between 141 166 kwh/m 2,a. Current min.

14 PROPOSAL FOR E-VALUES FOR DETACHED HOUSES E-value Nykyinen Current E-lukuraja E-value Electric Heating + Sähkölämmitys + Fireplace takka + ILP + HP Ilma-vesilämpöpumppu Air-Water HP Uusi New E-lukuraja E-value Öljy Oil Heating Exhaust Air HP + Poistoilmalämpöpumppu Fireplace + takka Kaukolämpö District Heating Puu Wood Maalämpöpumppu Ground Source Heat Pump Net Area m2

Oil Heating Exhaust Air HP + Poistoilmalämpöpumppu Fireplace + takka Kaukolämpö District Heating Puu Wood Maalämpöpumppu

15 Heating System in New Single-Family Houses Other HP s 10% Wood, pellet 9% Electric heating Water 10% Circulating Electric Heating 10% Ground Source Heat Pumps 50% District Heating 11% Additional heat sources: fireplaces, Air-Air heat pumps and solar collectors (solar panels are on their way) Source: Rakennustutkimus RTS OY

Pumps 50% District Heating 11% Additional heat sources: fireplaces, Air-Air heat

16 Different starting points for the nzeb level in different types Small residential s depending on the size of the E-value requirement D3/2012 Porposal for nzeb-e-value Change Apartment s % Office s % Schools % Day care centers % Retail and commercial s % Sports hall % Hotels % Hospitals % The values are mostly in the current energy performance class B 16

90-47 % Schools 170 104-39 % Day care centers 170 107-37 % Retail and commercial s 240 143-40 % Sports hall 170

17 FInZEB viewpoints RES Health and safety aspects: OK Regulations and instructions will be developed. Extremely high energy efficiency Energy demand is covered at large with renewable energy sources Minimum energy use Including onsite and nearby renewable energy Overall energy performance calculation: OK Instructions and calculation rules must be developed Cost-efficiency: OK Development of technologies and energy costs? 17

energy use Including onsite and nearby renewable energy Overall energy performance calculation: OK

18 Next steps Beginning of 2016 First version of the legislation New legislation into force All new s must be nzeb-s ( permit) 18

19 FInZEB-E-value proposals and type specific background information can be found at the project website 19

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