Tekniikan Päivät 2012, Matti Vaattovaara ABB Oy. Euroopan Supergrid Mahdollistaa uusiutuvan voiman

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1 Tekniikan Päivät 2012, Matti Vaattovaara ABB Oy Euroopan Supergrid Mahdollistaa uusiutuvan voiman

2 Euroopan super grid Agenda Globaalit energiahaasteet Uusiutuvat kaukana kotoa Superverkko yhdistä Slide 2 Group March 11MR0339 4, 2009 Slide 2

3 Energiaan liittyvät haasteet Kysynnän kasvu Eurooppa ja Pohjois-Amerikka 5,4% 26% Kiina 94% 177% IEA:n ennuste Primäärienergian kysynnän kasvu Sähkön kysynnän kasvu Lähi-itä ja Afrikka 89% 140% Intia 116% 261% March 4, 2009 Slide 3

4 Energiaan liittyvät haasteet Saatavuus,hinta ja ilmastonmuutos Lähde: Bloomberg Öljyn hinta (USD) Ailahtelevat polttoaineiden hinnat Ilmastonmuutos Edullisen energian saatavuus Energian toimitusvarmuus Lähde: NASA Maapallon keskimääräisen lämpötilan poikkeama +1 C 0,6 0,4 Maapallon keskimääräisen lämpötilan muutos 0, ,2-0,4 March 4, 2009 Slide 4

5 Uusiutuva energia Tuuli-, aurinko- ja maaenergian järkevä käyttö Lähde: International Energy Agency, World Energy Outlook 2009 IEA:n päästöskenaariot, hiilidioksidipäästöt (gigatonnia) Source: IEA, World Energy Outlook Hiilidioksidipäästöt (Gigatonnia) Nykyinen toiminta 57% Energiatehokkuus viiteskenaario (Tavoitteena vakauttaa hiilidioksidipitoisuus 450 miljoonasosaan) 20% 10% 10% Uusiutuvat polttoaineet Biopolttoaineet (3%) Ydinvoima CCS* *CCS (hiillidioksidin talteenotto ja varastointi) March 4, 2009 Slide 5

6 Strong renewable energy policy support worldwide Source: REN 21 Renewables 2011 Global Status Report November March 4, 08, Slide 6

7 Why are we so positive towards renewables? Source: REN 21 Renewables 2011 Global Status Report November March 4, 08, Slide 7

8 Renewable energy alternatives Sol Hydro Solar Wind Biomass March 4, 2009 Slide 8

9 Renewables levelized cost of new electricity generation decreasing since end of 2010 with federal incentives Solar PV - crystalline no incentives Solar PV thin film Solar thermal Onshore wind Nuclear Coal Gas combined cycle $ per MWh Source: Lazard s Levelized Costs of Energy Analysis 4.0, 2010 and ABB projections November March 4, 08, Slide 9

Rapid Decrease in solar price Produced silicon PV modules (global) 1976: 65 USD/W Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Special Report on Renewable

10 Rapid Decrease in solar price Produced silicon PV modules (global) 1976: 65 USD/W Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation Summary for Policy Markets, May 2011 and ABB projections 2010: 1.4 USD/W November March 4, 08, Slide 10 10

11 Sähkön siirron haasteet Uusiutuvat energialähteet sijaitsevat tyypillisesti kaukana kulutuksesta Tarvittavat ratkaisut Merituulipuistojen yhdistäminen Suurten energiamäärien siirtäminen pitkiä matkoja March 4, 2009 Slide 11

12 Wind Power in Europe Almost twice the amount of energy could be produced with the same amount of power - if located at best wind sites March 4, 2009 Slide 12

13 Electricity production wind, Europe Up to 2030 Source: EWEA report Pure Power 2008 March 4, 2009 Slide 13

14 HVDC Light for grid connection of wind farms Wind farms MW Offshore HVDC Light DC cable transmission Onshore HVDC Light Main AC network MW: 80 kv HVDC Light MW: 150 kv HVDC Light MW: 320 kv HVDC Light March 4, 2009 Slide 14

15 Borkum 2: The largest offshore wind park in the world March 4, 2009 Slide 15

16 BorWin1 Installation of wind turbines March 4, 2009 Slide 16

17 March 4, 2009 Slide 17 European Offshore Supergrid

NorNed HVDC Cable, Norway - Netherlands Customer s need Worlds longest sub sea cable transmission between to allow optimal utilization of production resources in two markets Value of flexible hydro

18 NorNed HVDC Cable, Norway - Netherlands Customer s need Worlds longest sub sea cable transmission between to allow optimal utilization of production resources in two markets Value of flexible hydro increasing with more wind connected ABB s response Turnkey 700 MW system with innovative ± 450 kv convertor system. Cable length 580 km. Customer s benefits Short delivery time and high performance Order value $270 million March 4, 2009 Slide 18

19 Hydropower resources of about 500 GW available Transmission distance 2,000-3,000 kilometers 50 GW 300 GW 50 GW 120 GW March 4, 2009 Slide 19

20 HVAC compared to HVDC transmission, overhead line Number of parallel lines to transmit 7000 MW 400 kv AC 800 kv AC 500 kv DC 800 kv DC March 4, 2009 Slide 20

21 Cost for transmission alternatives 8000 MUSD Power MW Line length 2000 km 800 kv AC 8 lines 1000 kv AC 5 lines 500 kv DC 4 lines 800 kv DC 2 lines 5000 Cost of stations, lines, compensation and losses as a function of line losses. Loss evaluation is 1,400 USD/kW and series compensation of the AC-lines is 70 percent Percent line losses March 4, 2009 Slide 21

22 Xiangjiaba Shanghai Main data Commissioning year: Pole 1: 2010 Bipole: 2011 Power rating: No. of poles: MW AC voltage: 525 kv DC voltage: ±800 kv Length of overhead DC line: km Main reason for choosing HVDC: Long distance March 4, 2009 Slide 22

23 Planned Future HVDC Projects China in 2020 Humeng Shandong 800kV, 6400 MW, 2015 Humeng - Tianjing 800kV, 6400 MW, 2016 Irkutsk (Russia) Beijing 800kV, 6400 MW, 2015 Ningxia - Tianjing 3000 MW, 2010 NW-Sichuan (Baoji Deyang) 3000 MW, 2011 Hami C. China 800kV, 6400 MW, 2018 Xianjiaba Shanghai 800kV, 6400 MW, 2011 Xiluodu - Hanzhou 800kV, 6400 MW, 2015 Xiluodu - Hunan 800kV, 6400 MW, 2014 Jinsha River II East China 800kV, 6400 MW, 2016 Jingping East China 800kV, 6400 MW, 2012 Jinsha River II East China 800kV, 6400 MW, 2019 Jinsha River II Fujian 800kV, 6400 MW, 2018 Xinjiang Xizang Qinghai Bangkok Gansu NWPG SCPG Sichuan & Chongqing Yunnan Russia NCPG Ningxia Inner Mongolia Shaanxi Guizhou Guangxi Shanxi Hainan Hunan Beijing Tianjin Hebei Shandong Jiangsu Henan Anhui CCPG ECPG Shanghai Hubei Jiangxi Fujian Guangdong Liaoning Zhejiang NEPG Heilongjiang Jilin Taiwan Nuozhadu- Guangdong 800kV, MW, 2015 Jinghong-Thailand 3000MW, 2013 BtB China-Russia (HeiHe) 750 MW, 2008 FarEast (Russia) NE China 3000 MW, 2010 Humeng - Liaoning 800kV, 6400 MW, 2018 Hulunbeir (Inner Mongolia)-Shenyang 3000 MW, 2010 BtB Northeast-North (Gaoling) 1500 MW, 2008 North Shaanxi- Shandong 3000 MW, 2011 BtB Shandong - East 1200 MW, 2011 BtB North - Central 1000 MW, 2012 Gezhouba-Shanghai Expansion 3000 MW, 2011 Lingbao BtB Expansion 750 MW, 2009 Goupitan - Guangdong 3000 MW, 2016 Yunnan - Guangdong 800kV, 5000 MW, 2009 March 4, 2009 Slide 23

Solar irradiation and PV electricity output Source: Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) kwh AC per year/kw peakdc City Fixed system 2-axis tracking Stockholm 886 1230 Göteborg 826

24 Solar irradiation and PV electricity output Source: Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) kwh AC per year/kw peakdc City Fixed system 2-axis tracking Stockholm Göteborg Kiruna Karlstad Malmö Hamburg Frankfurt Berlin Stuttgart München Sevilla Solar irradation in southern Finland ~ northern half of Germany March 4, 2009 Slide 24

25 Solar power from Sahara Surface of Sahara 9 million km 2 Area needed to produce all European electricity km 2 Area needed for all world energy km 2 March 4, 2009 Slide 25

26 The world by night March 4, 2009 Slide 26

27 Solar energy from deserts 90 percent of people live within 2,700 km of a desert Source: DESERTEC 2008 March 4, 2009 Slide 27

28 Desertec initiative; Future vision of clean power Solar power in Sahara Memo between ABB, Abengoa Solar, Cevital, Deutsche Bank, E.ON, HSH Nordbank, MAN Solar Millennium, Munich Re, M+W Zander, RWE, Schott Solar, Siemens 15 % of European need + significant amount of local demand by 2050 Challenges in transmission, generation technology and political will Political will is building due to financial implications of global warming March 4, 2009 Slide 28

29 Desertec Industrial Initiative Solar power Slide 29 Group March 11MR0339 4, 2009 Slide 29

30 Europe 2030 Scenario Hydro power Solar power Wind power DC transmission Hydro 200 GW Wind 300 GW km x 10 km Solar 700 GW 8000 km sq 90 x 90 km March 4, 2009 Slide 30

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