-pohjaisten standardien kehitystyö W3C:ssä: poimintoja tulevasta Ossi Nykänen Tampereen teknillinen yliopisto (TTY), Digitaalisen median instituutti (DMI), Hypermedialaboratorio W3C Suomen toimisto
Esitelmä Hyvin lyhyt versio: eli Extensible Markup Language on W3C:n suosittama perhe tekstiformaatteja ja tietojenkäsittelyyn liittyviä teknologioita. tarjoaa yhteensopivaa perustekniikkaa mitä moninaisempien sovellusten perustaksi. Samalla kun sovelluskanta laajenee ja kehittyy, myös aktiivinen kehitys- ja standardointityö :n ympärillä jatkuu Pidempi versio, otsikoita: W3C ja universaalit Web-standardit tiivis katsaus kehitystyön (lähi)tulevaisuuteen: W3C workshops esimerkkejä (lähi)tulevaisuuden teknologioista: XQuery ja SPARQL lopuksi Esityksen tavoite: luonnehtia asiaa "kokonaisuutena", poimia mielenkiintoisia esimerkkejä 2
World Wide Web Consortium ( ) ja universaalit Web-standardit
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) W3C kehittää yhteensopivia teknologioita ja siten ohjaa Webin kehittymistä täyteen mittaansa...asettamalla teknisiä suosituksia (esim. HTML,, WAI) 3 päätstoa, 14 aluetstoa, n. 350 jäsenorganisaatiota Jäseneksi? http://www.w3c.tut.fi/joining.html 4
W3C: verkkosivuista (Web-)teknologiaksi 5
yhteensopivien tietorakenteiden perusta -tekstiformaatit, -prosessorit ja työkalut, viestit, -rajapinnat... SVG XHTML DC EDI SOAP RDF Huomautuksia: kulissien takana, järjestelmien kehitystyön tavoitteet tarvitaan myös -perustekniikan varassa toimivia sovelluskohtaisia sopimuksia (...sovellusten standardointi) 6
W3C:n toimialueet ja työryhmät, k2005 Ks. www.w3.org ja www.w3c.tut.fi (esittely, työryhmät, kaikki suositukset, uutisia, tapahtumia,...) 7
Uusia suosituksia (recommendation) 2004-2005 Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0: Fundamentals 2005-02-15 SOAP Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism 2005-01-25 Resource Representation SOAP Header Block 2005-01-25 -binary Optimized Packaging 2005-01-25 Inclusions (XInclude) Version 1.0 2004-12-20 Architecture of the World Wide Web, Volume One 2004-12-15 Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) Version 1.0 2004-09-07 Document Object Model (DOM) Level 3: Core, Load and Save 2004-04-07 Speech Recognition Grammar Specification Version 1.0 2004-03-16 Voice Extensible Markup Language (Voice) Version 2.0 2004-03-16 OWL Web Ontology Language: Overview, Guide, Reference, Semantics and Abstract Syntax, Test Cases, Use Cases and Requirements 2004-02-10 Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax, Semantics, Primer, Schema, RDF/, Test Cases 2004-02-10 Namespaces in 1.1 2004-02-04 Extensible Markup Language () 1.1 2004-02-04 Document Object Model (DOM) Level 3 Validation Specification 2004-01-27 Composite Capability/Preference Profiles (CC/PP): Structure and Vocabularies 1.0 2004-01-15 8
"Tulossa" (alustavia suositusehdotuksia) xml:id Version 1.0 Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0: Resource Identifiers CSS3 Basic User Interface Module Key Management Specification (XKMS 2.0) Key Management Specification (XKMS 2.0) Bindings Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 revision 1 CSS Print Profile CSS3 Paged Media Module XHTML-Print XForms 1.0 Basic Profile CSS TV Profile 1.0 CSS3 Color Module CSS3 Ruby Module CSS3 Text Module CSS Mobile Profile 1.0 Media Queries Selectors Fragment Interchange 9
Tiivis katsaus kehitystyöhön (lähi)tulevaisuuteen: W3C workshops
Viimeaikaisia W3C-workshopeja (1/5) Ks. http://www.w3c.org/2003/08/workshops/ W3C Workshop on Web Applications and Compound Documents 1-2 June 2004 (San Jose, California, USA, hosted by Adobe) "The W3C has started developing a new Activity in this area called Web Applications. The intention is to have a Working Group doing Combined Documents with a focus on Mobile Computing, and a Working Group to begin examining requirements for Web Applications" W3C Workshop on Multimodal Interaction 19-20 July 2004 (Sophia Antipolis, France) "As the W3C Multimodal Interaction Activity is entering its third year, much progress has been made defining the W3C MMI framework. The W3C Workshop on Multimodal Interaction will an opportunity for you to discuss W3C's current plans and to provide feedback and suggestions for future work." 11
Viimeaikaisia W3C-workshopeja (2/5) W3C Workshop on Constraints and Capabilities for Web Services 12-13 October 2004 (Redwood Shores, CA, USA) "This Workshop is being held to discuss the establishment of a framework for the expression of such constraints and capabilities and their association with Web services, in order to promote their interoperability and scalability. It is expected that discussion at the Workshop will lead to a common understanding of the problem space and provide recommendations to the W3C regarding further work." W3C Workshop on Metadata for Content Adaptation 12-13 October 2004 (Dublin, Ireland) "Towards an accessible device independent Web... The outcome of the workshop will help W3C's Device Independence WG to create a content metadata specification. Some time will be dedicated to describing a core set of content metadata, which will be the starting point of the Working Group's specification efforts." 12
Viimeaikaisia W3C-workshopeja (3/5) W3C Workshop on Semantic Web for Life Sciences 27-28 October 2004 (Cambridge, MA, USA) "The workshop made a significant contribution to W3C's understanding of the needs of the life sciences community and directions for the development of the Semantic Web. W3C staff is now planning for the launch of work efforts as recommended by the wrap up panel and hopes to begin this work as soon as the necessary resources and participants are available." W3C "Mobile Web Initiative" Workshop 18-19 November 2004 (Barcelona, Spain) "The goal of this Workshop is to get community input and feedback on the "Mobile Web Initiative". Specifically, the workshop will look at the current issues with mobile Web access, and how they should be addressed." 13
Viimeaikaisia W3C-workshopeja (4/5) W3C Workshop on Rule Languages for Interoperability Call for participation 27-28 April 2005 (Washington, DC USA) "Rule languages and rule systems are widely used in applications ranging from database integration, service provisioning, and business process management to loan underwriting, privacy policies and Web services composition. General purpose rule languages remain relatively unstandardized, however, and rule systems from different suppliers are rarely interoperable." This workshop... is intended to gather various participants and inputs needed to see how a standard rule framework might be developed, informed by Web Architecture and useful for addressing real user challenges." 14
Viimeaikaisia W3C-workshopeja (5/5) W3C Workshop on Frameworks for Semantics in Web Services Call for participation 9-10 June 2005 (Innsbruck, Austria) "We now aim at looking into a generic extensible framework based on Semantic Web technologies, to support longer-term objectives, while continuing to develop immediate solutions for the most pressing Web Services requirements. The OWL-S submission has already demonstrated interest in this approach. Integration to the Web Services stack, and also in the Web architecture, should be key properties of such a framework. The intent of the workshop on Frameworks for Semantics in Web Services is to provide advice to W3C on possible future work in the area, in particular the creation of a Working Group." 15
Esimerkkejä (lähi)tulevaisuuden teknologioista: XQuery ja SPARQL
ja sovellusintegraatio adapteri XQuery adapteri XQuery adapteri XQuery adapteri XQuery, RDF/ manipulointi haut kyselyt kuvailu XQuery SPARQL volyymin kasvaessa tarve kuvata ja hallita epäsuorasti kasvaa rajapinnat ja standardiprosessorit tarjoavat tekniikan kääriä mitä tahansa tietoa :n avulla (...virtuaaliset dokumentit)..." everywhere", " middleware" 17
XQuery 1.0: An Query Language (luonnos!) " is a versatile markup language, capable of labeling the information content of diverse data sources including structured and semi-structured documents, relational databases, and object repositories. A query language that uses the structure of intelligently can express queries across all these kinds of data, whether physically stored in or viewed as via middleware. This specification describes a query language called XQuery, which is designed to be broadly applicable across many types of data sources." document { <author-list> {fn:doc("b.xml")/bib/book/author} </author-list> } Charter:...2006-06-03 for $d in fn:doc("depts.xml")/depts/deptno let $e := fn:doc("emps.xml")/emps/emp[deptno = $d] where fn:count($e) >= 10 order by fn:avg($e/salary) descending return <big-dept> { $d, <headcount>{fn:count($e)}</headcount>, <avgsal>{fn:avg($e/salary)}</avgsal> } </big-dept> 18
SPARQL Query Language for RDF (luonnos!) "RDF is a flexible, extensible way to represent information about World Wide Web resources. It is used to represent, among other things, personal information, social networks, metadata about digital artefacts, like music and images, as well as provide a means of integration over disparate sources of information. A standardized query language for RDF data with multiple implementations offers developers and end users a way to write and to consume the results of queries across this wide range of information. Used with a common protocol, applications can access and combine information from across the web." @prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>. SELECT?title @prefix : <http://example.org/book/>. WHERE ( @prefix ns: <http://example.org/ns#>. :book1 <http://example.org/book/book1> dc:title "SPARQL Tutorial". :book1 ns:price 42. <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> :book2 dc:title "The Semantic Web".?title ) :book2 ns:price 23. Charter:...2006-01-31 PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> PREFIX ns: <http://example.org/ns#> SELECT?title?price WHERE (?x dc:title?title ) 19 (?x ns:price?price ) AND?price < 30
Lopuksi
Yhteenveto & kiitos World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) kehittää Webstandardeja suositukset, ohjeet, testiaineistot, välineet Web-teknologioiden kehitys, erityisesti tekstiformaatteihin liittyvä standardointi, rakentuu pitkälti -tekniikoiden varaan Mielenkiintoista uutta, esim. Mobiili Web Semanttisen Webin sovellukset (Web Services, Life Sciences) Kysely- ja sääntökielten kehitys (vrt. XQuery, SPARQL,...) Jäikö joku W3C-asia mietityttämään? Allekirjoittaneen tavoittaa helposti: http://www.w3c.tut.fi Ossi@w3.org 21
Liite: lisätietoja ja osoitteita eteenpäin W3C http://www.w3.org/ (kotisivu) http://www.w3c.tut.fi/ (W3C Suomen toimiston kotisivu) W3C-aktiviteetit http://www.w3.org/consortium/activities (yleiskuva) http://www.w3.org//query (XQuery) http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/dataaccess/ (RDF Data Access) W3C:n suositukset, raportit ja teknistä tietoa http://www.w3c.org/tr/ (kaikki tekniset dokumentit) http://www.w3c.tut.fi/report-archive.html (yleisesityksiä suomeksi) Jäseneksi! http://www.w3.org/consortium/prospectus http://www.w3c.tut.fi/joining.html 22