Publications of Fire Research of VTT, 2000

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1 Publications of Fire Research of VTT, 2000 Scientific papers 2010 Audouin, L., Chandra, L., Consalvi, J.-L., Gay, L., Gorza, E., Hohm, V., Hostikka, S., Ito, T., Klein-Hessling, W., Lallemand, C., Magnusson, T., Notterman, N., Park, K.S., Peco, J., Rigollet, L., Suard, S., van Hees, P. Quantifying differences between computational results and measurements in the case of a large-scale well-confined fire scenario. Nuclear Engineering and Design (in press). Bruynooghe, C.; Röwekamp, M.; Hostikka, S.; Richard, J.; Maillet, F.; Neugebauer, W.; Zdenek, T. Pertinence of tests used for conformity assessments of fire resistance of nuclear power plant components - Opinion of several institutions in Europe. Kerntechnik. Vol. 75 (2010) No: 3, pp Ehtamo, Harri; Heliövaara, Simo; Korhonen, Timo; Hostikka, Simo. Game theoretic best-response dynamics for evacuees' exit selection. Advances in Complex Systems, Vol. 13, No. 1 (2010), pp doi: /S X Silde, A., Hostikka, S. & Kankkunen, A. Experimental and numerical studies of liquid dispersal from a soft projectile impacting a wall. Nuclear Engineering and Design (in press). Östman, Birgit A.-L.; Mikkola, Esko European classes for the reaction to fire performance of wood-based panels. Fire and Materials. Published online in Wiley InterScience (2010) doi-link: /fam Hostikka, Simo; Mangs, Johan; Mikkola, Esko Comparison of two and three dimensional simulations of fires at wildland urban interface. Fire Safety Science 9: doi: /iafss.fss Lautenberger, Chris; Hostikka, Simo. Full-Scale Fire Modelling. In: Wilkie, Charles A.; Morgan, Alexander B. (eds.), Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials. 2 nd edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL (2009), pp Matala, Anna; Hostikka, Simo; Mangs, Johan Estimation of pyrolysis model parameters for solid materials using thermogravimetric data. Fire Safety Science 9: doi: /iafss.fss Rinne, Tuomo; Hostikka, Simo; Paloposki, Tuomas; Korhonen, Timo; Saari, Juha-Matti; Heliövaara, Simo Application of RFID and video imaging on evacuation observations in offices and public buildings. Fire Safety Science 9: doi: /iafss.fss Mikkola, Esko Forest fire impacts on buildings. Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Forest Fires. 1 st International Conference (FIVA 2008). Toledo, Spain, September WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, vol. 119, pp Uppfeldt, B.; Ala-Outinen, Tiina; Veljkovic, M A design model for stainless steel box columns in fire. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 64, 11, pp doi: /j.jcsr Hietaniemi, Jukka Probabilistic simulation of fire endurance of a wooden beam. Structural Safety, vol. 29, 4, pp Hostikka, Simo; Korhonen, Timo; Paloposki, Tuomas; Martikainen, K.; Heliövaara, S Improvement of evacuation safety in large buildings by the combined simulation of fire and human behaviour - MASIT10. MASI Technology

2 Programme ; Yearbook 2007; Technology Review 207/2007. Alakangas, Eija; Taskinen, Pekka (eds.). Tekes, pp Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi; Mangs, Johan; Hostikka, Simo; Korhonen, Timo Quantitative application of Monte Carlo simulation in Fire-PSA. Kerntechnik, vol. 72, 3, pp Hostikka, Simo; McGrattan, Kevin Numerical modeling of radiative heat transfer in water sprays. Fire Safety Journal, vol. 41, 1, pp doi: /j.firesaf Östman, Birgit; Mikkola, Esko European classes for the reaction to fire performance of wood products. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, vol. 64, 4, pp doi: /s x 2005 Hietaniemi, Jukka; Korhonen, Timo Risk-based attestation of fire safety of wooden facades in concrete-framed residential multi-storey buildings. Fire Safety Science 8: doi: /iafss.fss Hostikka, Simo; Korhonen, Timo; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi Two-model Monte Carlo simulation of fire scenarios. Fire Safety Science 8: doi: /iafss.fss Korhonen, Timo; Hostikka, Simo; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi A proposal for the goals and new techniques of modelling pedestrian evacuation in fires. Fire Safety Science 8: doi: /iafss.fss Saastamoinen, Jaakko; Tuomaala, Pekka; Paloposki, Tuomas; Klobut, Krzysztof Simplified dynamic model for heat input and output of heat storing stoves. Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 25, 17 18, pp doi: /j.applthermaleng ort=r&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=1&_acct=c &_version=1&_urlversion=0&_userid=61181&md5=d6fcb1d145 a16790a83206e27be841cf 2004 Rahikainen, Jussi; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi Statistical determination of ignition frequency of structural fires in different premises in Finland. Fire Technology, vol. 40, 4, pp doi: /b:fire Baroudi, Djebar A discrete dynamical model for flame spread over combustible flat solid surfaces subject to pyrolysis with charring - an application example to upward flame spread. Fire Safety Journal, vol. 38, 1, pp doi: /s (02) Floyd, J. E.; McGrattan, K. B.; Hostikka, Simo; Baum, H. R CFD fire simulation using mixture fraction combustion and finite volume radiative heat transfer. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, vol. 13, 1, pp Hostikka, Simo; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi Probabilistic simulation of fire scenarios. Nuclear engineering and design, vol. 224, 3, pp doi: /s (03) Hostikka, S.; McGrattan, K. B.; Hamins, A Numerical modeling of pool fires using LES and finite volume method for radiation. Fire Safety Science 7: doi: /iafss.fss Korhonen, T.; Hietaniemi, J.; Baroudi, D.; Kokkala, M.A Time-dependent event-tree method for fire risk analysis: tentative results. Fire Safety Science 7:

3 doi: /iafss.fss Mangs, Johan; Paananen, J.; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi Calorimetric fire experiments on electronic cabinets. Fire Safety Journal, vol. 38, 2, pp doi: /s (02) McGrattan, K. B.; Floyd, J.; Forney, G. P.; Baum, H. R.; Hostikka, S Improved radiation and combustion routines for a large eddy simulation fire model. Fire Safety Science 7: doi: /iafss.fss Tillander, K.; Keski-Rahkonen, O The ignition frequency of structural fires in Finland Fire Safety Science 7: doi: /iafss.fss Björkman, Jouni; Baroudi, Djebar; Latva, Risto; Tuomisaari, Maarit; Kokkala, Matti Determination of dynamic model parameters of smoke detectors. Fire Safety Journal, vol. 37, 4, pp doi: /s (01) Hakkarainen, Tuula; Oksanen, Tuuli Fire safety assessment of wooden facades. Fire and Materials, 26, pp doi: /fam.779 Hakkarainen, Tuula Post-flashover fires in light and heavy timber construction compartments. Journal of Fire Sciences, vol. 20, March, pp doi: / Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi; Mangs, Johan Electrical ignition sources in nuclear power plants: statistical, modelling and experimental studies. Nuclear Engineering and Design, vol. 213, 2 3, pp doi: /S (01) Vaari, Jukka A transient one-zone computer model for total flooding water mist fire suppression in ventilated enclosures. Fire Safety Journal, vol. 37, 3, pp doi: /s (01) Björkman, Jouni; Mikkola, Esko Risk assessment of a timber frame building by using CRISP simulation. Fire and Materials, 25, pp Hakkarainen, Tuula; Hayashi, Yoshihiko Comparison of Japanese and European fire classification systems for surface linings. Fire Science & Technology, vol. 21, 1, pp Hakkarainen, Tuula Rate of heat release and ignitability indices in predicting SBI test results. Journal of Fire Sciences, vol. 19, July/August, pp Hakkarainen, Tuula; Kokkala, Matti Application of a one-dimensional thermal flame spread model on predicting the rate of heat release in the SBI test. Fire and Materials, vol. 25, pp Vaari, Jukka A study of total flooding water mist fire suppression system performance using a transient one-zone computer model. Fire Technology, vol. 37, 4, pp Hakkarainen, Tuula; Mikkola, Esko; Laperre, Jan; Gensous, Francis; Fardell, Peter; Le Tallec, Yannick; Baiocchi, Claudio; Paul, Keith; Simonson, Margaret; Deleu, Caroline; Metcalfe, Edwin Smoke gas analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - summary of the SAFIR project results. Fire and Materials, vol. 24, 2, pp Mikkola, Esko Fire retardants and product behaviour in fire tests. Polymer International, 49, pp Myllymäki, Jukka; Baroudi, Djebar Simple method to predict fire resistance of composite columns. Fire Safety Science 6: doi: /iafss.fss Myllymäki, Jukka; Baroudi, Djebar A method to determine thermal conductivity using boundary temperature measurements. Fire Safety Science 6: doi: /iafss.fss.6-349

4 VTT publication series 2010 Hietaniemi, Jukka; Mikkola, Esko Design Fires for Fire Safety Engineering. VTT, Espoo. 101 p. VTT Working Papers: Laitinen, Juha; Mäkelä, Mauri; Oksa, Panu; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Tillander, Kati; Paloposki, Tuomas Kemikaalialtistumisen vähentäminen palokohteissa. [Reduction of chemical exposure at fire sites.] VTT, Espoo. 36 p. + app. 1 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes: (In Finnish.) Nurmi, Antti; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Kevarinmäki, Ari Palosuojattujen puurakenteiden pitkäaikaistoimivuus. [Longterm performance of fire retardant treated timber structures.] VTT, Espoo. 39 p. + app. 6 p. VTT Working Papers: 146. (In Finnish.) Rinne, Tuomo; Tillander, Kati; Grönberg, Peter Data collection and analysis of evacuation situations. VTT, Espoo. 46 p. + app. 92 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes: Tillander, Kati; Matala, Anna; Hostikka, Simo; Tiittanen, Pekka; Kokki, Esa; Taskinen, Olli Pelastustoimen riskianalyysimallien kehittäminen. [Development of risk analysis models for rescue services.] VTT, Espoo. 117 p. + app. 9 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes: (In Finnish.) Vaari, Jukka; Tillander, Kati; Rinne, Tuomo; Paloposki, Tuomas Asuntosprinklaus Suomessa. Vaikuttavuuden arviointi. Osa 2. [Residential sprinklers in Finland. Efficiency evaluation. Part 2.] VTT, Espoo. 134 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes: (In Finnish.) Calonius, Kim; Hakola, Ilkka; Hostikka, Simo; Kuutti, Juha; Lastunen, Auli; Martikainen, Hannu; Saarenheimo, Arja; Silde, Ari; Tuomala, Markku IMPACT2010 (IMPACT) and Structures under soft impact (SUSI). IMPACT and SUSI summary report. In: SAFIR2010. The Finnish Research Programme on Nuclear Power Plant Safety Interim Report. Eija Karita Puska (ed.). VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes VTT. Espoo (2009), pp Hakkarainen, Tuula; Hietaniemi, Jukka; Hostikka, Simo; Karhula, Teemu; Kling, Terhi; Mangs, Johan; Mikkola, Esko; Oksanen, Tuuli Survivability for ships in case of fire. Final report of SURSHIP-FIRE project. Espoo, VTT. 120 p. + app. 7 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2497 ISBN Hostikka, Simo; Matala, Anna; Mangs, Johan; Hietaniemi, Jukka Implementation of quantitative fire risk assessment in PSA (FIRAS). FIRAS summary report. In: SAFIR2010. The Finnish Research Programme on Nuclear Power Plant Safety Interim Report. Eija Karita Puska (ed.). VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes VTT. Espoo (2009), pp Korhonen, Timo; Hostikka, Simo Fire Dynamics Simulator with Evacuation: FDS+Evac. Technical Reference and User's Guide. Espoo, VTT. 91 p. VTT Working Papers; 119 ISBN /workingpapers/2009/w119.pdf Mangs, Johan A new apparatus for flame spread experiments. Espoo, VTT. 51 p. + app. 28 p. VTT Working Papers; 112 ISBN Matala, Anna; Hostikka, Simo; Mangs, Johan Implementation of quantitative fire risk assessment in PSA (FIRAS). Estimation of pyrolysis model parameters for condenced phase materials. In: SAFIR2010. The Finnish Research

5 Programme on Nuclear Power Plant Safety Interim Report. Eija Karita Puska (ed.). VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes VTT. Espoo (2009), pp Tillander, Kati; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Paloposki, Tuomas; Järnström, Helena; Laitinen, Juha; Mäkelä, Mauri; Oksa, Panu Palokohteiden savu-, noki- ja kemikaalijäämät ja niiden vaikutukset työturvallisuuteen, osa 2. Polttokokeet, casetutkimukset ja altistumisen arviointi. [Smoke, soot and chemical contamination of fire sites and their effects on occupational safety, part 2. Fire tests, case studies and evaluation of exposure.] VTT, Espoo. 59 s. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; (In Finnish.) Tillander, Kati; Oksanen, Tuuli; Kokki, Esa Paloriskin arvioinnin tilastopohjaiset tiedot. [Statistical data for fire risk assessment.] Espoo, VTT. 106 p. + app. 5 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2479 (In Finnish.) ISBN (nid.) (URL: Hostikka, Simo Development of fire simulation models for radiative heat transfer and probabilistic risk assessment. Espoo, VTT. 103 p. + app. 82 p. VTT Publications; 683 ISBN ; Rinne, Tuomo; Tillander, Kati; Vaari, Jukka; Belloni, Kaisa; Paloposki, Tuomas Asuntosprinklaus Suomessa. Vaikuttavuuden arviointi. [Residential sprinklers in Finland. Efficiency evaluation.] Espoo, VTT. 84 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2430 (In Finnish.) ISBN Rinne, Tuomo; Hykkyrä, Hanna; Tillander, Kati; Jäntti, Jarkko; Väisänen, Timo; Yli-Pirilä, Pasi; Nuutinen, Ilpo; Ruuskanen, Juhani Jätekeskusten paloturvallisuus. Riskit ympäristölle tulipalotilanteessa. [Fire safety of waste management plants. Environmental risks in fires.] Espoo, VTT. 125 p. + app. 39 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2457 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Tillander,Kati; Järnström, Helena; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Laitinen, Juha; Mäkelä, Mauri; Oksa, Panu Palokohteiden savu-, noki- ja kemikaalijäämät ja niiden vaikutukset työturvallisuuteen. Polttokokeet ja altistumisen arviointi. [Smoke, soot and chemical contamination of fire sites and their effects on occupational safety. Fire tests and exposure evaluation.] Espoo, VTT. 67 p. VTT Working Papers; 103 (In Finnish.) ISBN Hakkarainen, Tuula Talo- ja turvatekniikka tulipalotilanteessa. Nykytilanne ja tarvekartoitus. [Building service and safety systems in fire. The present and the future.] Espoo, VTT. 55 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2383 (In Finnish.) ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka Tiiviin ja matalan pientaloalueen paloturvallisuus. [Fire safety of densely-built low-rise residential area.] Espoo, VTT. 227 p. + app. 144 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2415 (In Finnish.) ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka; Rinne, Tuomo Historiallisesti arvokkaan kohteen toiminnallinen paloturvallisuussuunnittelu. Esimerkkitapauksena Porvoon museo. [Performance-based fire safety engineering of heritage buildings including a case study of the Porvoo museum.] Espoo, VTT. 136 p. + app. 44 p. VTT Working Papers; 71 (In Finnish.) ISBN Hostikka, Simo; Korhonen, Timo; Paloposki, Tuomas; Rinne, Tuomo; Matikainen, Katri; Heliövaara, Simo Development and validation of FDS+Evac for evacuation simulations. Espoo, VTT. 64 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2421 ISBN ;

6 Hostikka, Simo; Paloposki, Tuomas; Rinne, Tuomo; Saari, Juha-Matti; Korhonen, Timo; Heliövaara, Simo Experimental observations of evacuation situations. Espoo, VTT. 52 p. VTT Working Papers; 85 ISBN Rinne, Tuomo; Hietaniemi, Jukka; Hostikka, Simo Experimental Validation of the FDS Simulations of Smoke and Toxic Gas Concentrations. Espoo, VTT. 37 p. + app. 9 p. VTT Working Papers; 66 ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka; Toratti, Tomi; Schnabl, Simon; Turk, Goran Application of reliability analysis and fire simulation to probabilistic assessment of fire endurance of wooden structures. Espoo, VTT. 97 p. + app. 23 p. VTT Working Papers; 54 ISBN Belloni, Kaisa; Villberg, Kirsi; Tillander, Kati; Saarela, Kristina; Paloposki, Tuomas Tulipalon jälkihajujen poisto. [Removal of fire odor.] Espoo, VTT. 124 p. VTT Working Papers; 42 (In Finnish.) ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka Probabilistic simulation of glass fracture and fallout in fire. Espoo, VTT. 88 p. + app. 33 p. VTT Working Papers; 41 ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka; Rinne, Tuomo Tulipalojen yksittäispäästöt ilmaan: laskennallinen lähestymistapa. [Emissions from fires: calculational approach.] Espoo, VTT. 78 p. VTT Working Papers; 37 (In Finnish.) ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka A Probabilistic Approach to Wood Charring Rate. Espoo, VTT. 53 p. VTT Working Papers; 31 ISBN Hostikka, Simo; Mikkola, Esko; Rinne, Tuomo; Tillander, Kati; Weckman, Henry Henkilöturvallisuuden kehittäminen maanalaisissa tiloissa paloriskejä pienentämällä. [Improvement of fire safety in underground spaces.] Espoo, VT. 143 p. + app. 9 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2318 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Hostikka, Simo; Mangs, Johan MASIFIRE - Map based simulation of fires in forest-urban interface. Espoo, VTT. 52 p. + app. 2 p. VTT Working Papers; 20 ISBN Kevarinmäki, Ari; Oksanen, Tuuli; Yli-Koski, Rainer Ruostumattomasta teräksestä valmistettujen puurakenteiden liitosten suunnittelu. Yleiset ohjeet ja palomitoitus. [Design of timber connections with stainless steel. Common rules and structural fire design.] Espoo, VTT. 51 p. + app. 12 p. VTT Working Papers; 38 (In Finnish.) ISBN Korhonen, Timo; Hietaniemi, Jukka Fire Safety of Wooden Façades in Residential Suburb Multi-Storey Buildings. Espoo, VTT. 66 p. + app. 40 p. VTT Working Papers; 32 ISBN /workingpapers/2005/w32.pdf Nyyssönen, Teemu; Rajakko, Jaana; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi On the reliability of fire detection and alarm systems. Exploration and analysis of data from nuclear and non-nuclear installations. Espoo, VTT. 62 p. + app. 6 p. VTT Working Papers; 18 ISBN X

7 Oksanen, Tuuli; Kevarinmäki, Ari; Yli-Koski, Rainer; Kaitila, Olli Ruostumattomasta teräksestä valmistettujen puurakenteiden liitosten palonkestävyys. [Fire resistance on timber connections with stainless steels fasteners.] Espoo, VTT. 104 p. + app. 108 p. VTT Working Papers; 29 (In Finnish.) ISBN Paloposki, Tuomas; Liedquist, Leif Steel emissivity at high temperatures. Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 81 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2299 ISBN X; Paloposki, Tuomas; Tillander, Kati; Virolainen, Kimmo; Nissilä, Minna; Survo, Kyösti Sammutusjätevedet ja ympäristö. [Fire-fighting water run-off and environment.] Espoo, VTT. 75 p. + app.10 p. VTT Working Papers; 40 (In Finnish.) ISBN Rinne, Tuomo; Vaari, Jukka Uudet sammutteet ja sammutusteknologiat. Kirjallisuustutkimus. [The new fire extinguishing agents and technologies.] Espoo, VTT. 160 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2290 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Ritschkoff, Anne-Christine; Mahlberg, Riitta; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Salparanta, Liisa; Mannila, Juha; Posti, Olli; Kallio, Marke; Vesa, Anne; Löija, Mia; Iitti, Hanna; Takala, Soili; Mäntylä, Tapio; Levänen, Erkki Rakennustuotteiden funktionaaliset pinnat. [Functionalization of building material surface properties.] Espoo, VTT. 45 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2294 (In Finnish.) ISBN Tillander, Kati; Korhonen, Timo; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi Pelastustoimen määräiset seurantamittarit. [Quantitative indicators of fire cover in Finland.] Espoo, VTT. 123 p. + app. 5 p. VTT Working Papers; 19 (In Finnish.) ISBN Weckman, Henry Henkilöturvallisuuden kehittäminen maanalaisissa tiloissa paloriskejä pienentämällä. Tehtävä B: Poistumisturvallisuus. [Improvement of fire safety in underground spaces. Task B: Evacuation safety.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 93 p. + app. 13 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2319 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Hietaniemi, Jukka; Hostikka, Simo; Vaari, Jukka FDS simulation of fire spread - comparison of model results with experimental data. Espoo, VTT. 45 p. + app. 6 p. VTT Working Papers; 4 ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka; Vaari, Jukka; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Huhta, Jaakko; Jumppanen, Ulla-Maija; Korhonen, Timo; Kouhia, Ilpo; Siiskonen, Jaakko; Weckman, Henry Ontelotilojen paloturvallisuus. Ontelopalojen ominaispiirteet sekä palojen etenemisen rakenteellinen katkaiseminen ja sammuttaminen. [Improvement of fire safety in underground spaces. Task B: Evacuation safety.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 74 p. + app. 24 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2249 (In Finnish.) ISBN X; Korhonen, Timo; Hietaniemi, Jukka Puujulkisivujen paloturvallisuus lähiökerrostaloissa. [Fire safety of wooden facades in suburban block of flats.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 58 p. + app. 36 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2253 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Mangs, Johan On the fire dynamics of vehicles and electrical equipment. Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 62 p. + app. 101 p. VTT Publications; 521 ISBN ; /publications/2004/p521.pdf

8 Rönty, Vesa; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi; Hassinen, Jukka-Pekka Reliability of sprinkler systems. Exploration and analysis of data from nuclear and non-nuclear installations. Espoo, VTT. 89 p. + app. 9 p. VTT Working Papers; 15 ISBN Tillander, Kati; Mangs, Johan; Paloposki, Tuomas Tulipalojen ympäristövaikutukset. [Environmental effects of fires.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 72 p. + app. 16 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2266 (In Finnish.) ISBN Tillander, Kati Utilisation of statistics to assess fire risks in buildings. Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 224 p. + app. 37 p. VTT Publications; 537 ISBN ; X /publications/2004/p537.pdf 2003 Andstén, Tauno; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi; Myllymäki, Jukka Bursting potential of portable fire extinguishers at elevated temperatures. Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 36 p. + app. 8 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2200 ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Huhta, Jaakko; Jumppanen, Ulla-Maija; Kouhia, Ilpo; Vaari, Jukka; Weckman, Henry Ontelotilojen paloturvallisuus. Ontelopalojen leviämisen katkaiseminen. [Fire safety of cavity spaces. Prevention of fire spread in building voids.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 168 p. + app. 52 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2202 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Hostikka, Simo; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi; Korhonen, Timo Probabilistic Fire Simulator. Theory and User's Manual for Version 1.2. Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 72 p. + app. 1 p. VTT Publications; 503 ISBN ; Hakkarainen, Tuula Studies on fire safety assessment of construction products. Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 109 p. + app. 172 p. VTT Publications; 459 ISBN ; X /publications/2002/p459.pdf Hietaniemi, Jukka; Baroudi, Djebar Physical interpretation of temperature data measured in the SBI fire test. Nordtest technical report 416. Nordtest project No Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 47 p. + app. 4 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2136 ISBN ; Hietaniemi, Jukka; Baroudi, Djebar; Korhonen, Timo; Björkman, Jouni; Kokkala, Matti; Lappi, Esa Yksikerroksisen teollisuushallin rakenteiden palonkestävyyden vaikutus paloturvallisuuteen. Riskianalyysi ajasta riippuvaa tapahtumapuumallia käyttäen. [Influence of fire resistance of structures on a fire safety in a single-storey industrial building. Risk analysis using a time-dependent event tree model.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 95 p. + app. 51 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2123 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Hietaniemi, Jukka; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Huhta, Jaakko; Korhonen, Timo; Siiskonen, Jaakko; Vaari, Jukka Ontelotilojen paloturvallisuus. Ontelopalojen tutkimus kokeellisesti ja mallintamalla. [Fire safety of cavity spaces. Experimental and simulation study of fires in cavities.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 125 p. + app. 63 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2128 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Paloposki, Tuomas; Myllymäki, Jukka; Weckman, Henry Luotettavuusteknisten menetelmien soveltaminen urheiluhallin poistumisturvallisuuden laskentaan. [Application of reliability techniques for calculation of the evacuation safety of a sports hall.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 53 p. + app. 13 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2181 (In Finnish.) ISBN ;

9 Tillander, Kati; Lindblom, Towe; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi Taloudelliset vahingot rakennuspaloissa. [Economical losses in structural fires.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 107 p. + app. 5 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Research Notes; 2159 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Ala-Outinen, Tiina; Myllymäki, Jukka; Baroudi, Djebar; Oksanen, Tuuli Ruostumaton teräs tulipalolle altistetussa rakenteissa. [Stainless steel structures exposed to fire.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 53 p. + app. 9 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; 2112 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Hietaniemi, Jukka; Mangs, Johan; Hakkarainen, Tuula Burning of Electrical Household Appliances. An Experimental Study. Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 60 p. + app. 23 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; 2084 ISBN ; Hostikka, Simo; Kokkala, Matti; Vaari, Jukka Experimental Study of the Localized Room Fires.NFSC2 Test Series. Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 49 p. + app. 46 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; 2104 ISBN ; Ryynänen, Tiia; Kallonen, Raija; Ahonen, Eino Palosuojatut tekstiilit. Ominaisuudet ja käyttö. [Flame-retarded textiles. Their properties and use.] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 101 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; 2116 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; X Tillander, Kati; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi Rakennusten syttymistaajuudet PRONTO-tietokannasta [Ignition frequency of structural fires in Finland ] Espoo, VTT Building and Transport. 66 p. + app. 16 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; 2119 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Hietaniemi, Jukka; Hostikka, Simo; Lindberg, Liisa; Kokkala, Matti Vyöhykemalliohjelman CFAST kelpoisuuden arviointi. [Assessment of validity of the zone model program CFAST.] Espoo, VTT Building Technology. 51 p. + app. 14 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; 2027 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Kokkala, Matti Rakennusten paloturvallisuussuunnittelu - Toiminnallinen lähestysmistapa. [Fire safety design of buildings. Performance-based approach.] Espoo, VTT Building Technology. 63 p. + app.15 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; 2028 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Tillander, Kati; Keski-Rahkonen, Olavi Palokunnan saatavuuden merkitys rakennuksen paloriskitarkastelussa. [The influence of fire department intervention to the safety of a building assessal using fire risk analysis.] Espoo, VTT Building Technology. 213 p. + app. 55 p. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes; 2013 (In Finnish.) ISBN ; Vaari, Jukka; Hietaniemi, Jukka Smoke ventilation in operational fire fighting. Part 2. Multi-storey buildings. Espoo, VTT Building Technology. 45 p. + app. 18 p. VTT Publications; 419 ISBN ;

10 Other publication series 2009 Thureson, Per; Sundström, Björn; Mikkola, Esko; Bluhme, Dan; Steen Hansen, Anne; Karlsson, Björn The use of fire classification in the Nordic countries. Proposals for harmonisation. SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Borås. SP Report 2008:29. ISBN McGrattan, K. B.; Klein, B.; Hostikka, Simo; Floyd, J. E Fire Dynamics Simulator (Version 5): User's Guide. NIST Special Publication October Building and Fire Research Laboratory. National Institute of Standards and Technology McGrattan, K. B.; Hostikka, Simo; Floyd, J. E.; Baum, H.; Rehm, R Fire Dynamics Simulator (Version 5): Technical Reference Guide. NIST Special Publication October Building and Fire Research Laboratory. National Institute of Standards and Technology Hietaniemi, Jukka; Kokki, Esa Katsaus palo- ja pelastusalan kansainväliseen tutkimukseen ja koulutukseen. [Overview of international fire and rescue research and education.] Kuopio, Pelastusopisto. 105 p. Pelastusopiston julkaisu, sarja B: tutkimusraportit, 1/2006 (In Finnish.) ISBN Tillander, Kati; Kokki, Esa Pelastustoimen alueiden ja tutkimuksen näkökulmia PRONTOn kehittämiseen. [Viewpoints of rescue services and research on the development of PRONTO statistics system.] 77 p. + app. 9 p. Pelastusopiston julkaisu, B-sarja: tutkimusraportit 3/2006 (In Finnish.) ISBN Östman, Birgit; Tsantaridis, Lazaros; Mikkola, Esko; Hakkarainen, Tuula; Belloni, Kaisa; Brumer, Harry; Piispanen, Peter Innovative eco-efficient high fire performance wood products for demanding applications. Final report for Vinnova- Tekes project InnoFireWood. Stockholm, SP Wood Technology. 98 p. SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, Report; 30 ISBN Andersson, Petra; Simonson, Margaret; Tullin, Claes; Stripple, Håkan; Sundqvist, Jan Olov; Paloposki, Tuomas Fire-LCA Guidelines. Borås, SP Sveriges Provnings- och Forskningsinstitut. 91 p. SP Report; SP rapport; 2004:43 ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka; Cajot, Louis-Guy; Pierre, Michel; Fraser-Mitchell, Jeremy; Joyeux, Daniel; Papaioannou, Kyriakos Risk-based fire resistance requirements. Luxembourg, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. 304 p. + app. 225 p. EUR ISBN Kumar, S.; Welch, S.; Miles, S.; Cajot, L.-G.; Haller, M.; Ojanguren, M:; Barco, J.; Hostikka, Simo; Max, U.; Röhrle, A Natural fire safety concept - the development and validation of a CFD-based engineering methodology for evaluating thermal action on steel and composite structures. Steel products and applications for building, construction and industry. Final report. Luxembourg, Office for Official Publications of the European Commission. 150 p. EUR ISBN

11 Laitala, Kirsi; Stämpfli, Rolf; Ryynänen, Tiia; Drøjdal, Anette Fire hazards of clothing related to accidents and consumer habits. Oslo, National Institute for Consumer Research. 224 p. Professional report / National Institute for Consumer Research; ISBN Weckman, Henry Metallisia savupiipputuotteita koskevien SFS-EN-standardien kansallinen soveltaminen. [National application of SFS-EN standards concerning metallic chimney products.] Helsinki, Ympäristöministeriö. 52 p. + app. 28 p. Ympäristöministeriön moniste 127 (In Finnish.) Östman, Birgit; Mikkola, Esko European classes for the reaction to fire performance of wood products (except floorings). Stockholm, Institute för träteknisk informtion. 33 p. Trätek rapport I Östman, Birgit; König, Jürgen; Mikkola, Esko; Stenstad, Vidar; Karlsson, Björn Brandsäkra trähus - Nordisk kunskapsöversikt och vägledning, Träte. 107 p. Trätek Publikation; Aarnio, Markku; Kallioniemi, Pekka; Laaksonen, Juha-Pekka; Tenhunen, Olavi; Weckman, Henry Paloturvallisuussuunnittelu. Oletettuun palonkehitykseen perustuva suunnittelu ja ratkaisuesimerkit. [Fire safety design based on assumed development of fire with solution examples.] Helsinki, Suomen rakennusinsinöörien liitto RIL. 138 p. RIL (In Finnish.) ISBN Hietaniemi, Jukka; Mikkola, Esko; Sundström, Björn; van Hees, Patrick; Kristoffersen, Bjarne; Bluhme, Dan Testing procedures for special construction products in the Euroclass system. Espoo, Nordtest. 37 p. Nordtest Technical Report; 493 Hostikka, Simo; Axelsson, Jesper Modelling of the radiative feedback from flames in cone calorimeter. Espoo, Nordtest. 41 p. Nordtest Technical Report; 540 Lautkaski, Risto; Ikonen, Kari; Hostikka, Simo Kapselin siirtoajoneuvon palon seuraukset loppusijoitustilassa tai vinoajotunnelissa. [The consequences of a canister transfer vehicle fire in final disposal space or inclined access tunnel. ] Olkiluoto, Posiva. 59 p. Työraportti / Posiva; 35 (In Finnish.) Schleich, J.-B.; Cajot, L.-G.; Pierre, M.; Moore, D.; Lennon, T.; Kruppa, J.; Joyeux, D.; Hüller, V.; Hosser, D.; Dobbernack, R.; Kirchner, U.; Eger, U.; Twilt, L.; Van Oerle, J.; Kokkala, Matti; Hostikka, Simo Natural fire safety concept - Full-scale tests, implementation in the Eurocodes and development of a user-friendly design tool. Luxembourg, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. 200 p. Technical steel research. Steel structures. EUR EN ISBN McGrattan, Kevin; Baum, Howard; Rehm, Ronald; Forney, Glenn; Floyd, Jason; Hostikka, Simo; Prasad, K Fire dynamics simulator (Version 3) - Technical reference guide, National Institute of Standards and Technology NISTIR; 6783 McGrattan, Kevin; Forney, Glenn; Floyd, Jason; Hostikka, Simo; Prasad, K Fire dynamics simulator (Version 3) - User's guide, U.S. Department of Commerce; National Institute of Standards and Technology NISTIR; Kruppa, Joël; Buchanan, Andy; Fontana, Mario; Jackman, Peter; Kokkala, Matti; Landro, Harald; Shields, Jim; Twilt, Leen; Walsh, C.G Rational fire safety engineering approach to fire resistance in buildings. Rotterdam, International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB). 40 p. CIB Publication; 269 McGrattan, Kevin; Baum, Howard; Rehm, Ronald; Hamins, Anthony; Forney, Glenn; Floyd, Jason; Hostikka, Simo Fire dynamics simulator (Version 2) - Technical reference guide, U.S. Department of Commerce; National Institute of Standards and Technology. 45 p. NISTIR; 6783 McGrattan, Kevin; Forney, Glenn; Floyd, Jason; Hostikka, Simo Fire dynamics simulator (Version 2) - User's guide, U.S. Department of Commerce; National Institute of Standards and Technology. 69 p. NISTIR; 6784

12 Nurmi, Veli-Pekka; Sääskilahti, Veli-Matti; Törmänen, Mikko; Hietaniemi, Jukka; Mangs, Johan; Hakkarainen, Tuula Sähkölaitteiden palo-ominaisuudet ja sähkölaitepalojen sammuttaminen. [Fire performance and suppression of electrical household appliances.] Helsinki, Turvatekniikan keskus TUKES. 92 p. (In Finnish.) ISBN Weckman, Henry Rakennustarvikkeiden uudet eurooppalaiset paloluokitukset Suomen rakentamismääräyksissä. [The new European classification system for building products in Finnish building regulations.] Helsinki, Ministry of the Environment. 45 p. + app. 5 p. Suomen ympäristö; 519 (In Finnish.) ISBN Ranby, A.; Inha, Timo; Myllymäki, Jukka; Iso-Mustajärvi, Pertti; Kokkala, Matti Structural steel fire design. Helsinki, Finnish Constructional Steelwork Association FCSA; Norwegian Steel Association NS; Swedish Institute of Steel Construction SBI. 99 p. SBI Publication; 134 ISBN