Intian talousnäkymät heikkenevät

Transkriptio

1 Markkinakatsaus, 9. syyskuuta 2013 Macro Research Intian talousnäkymät heikkenevät Intian talouden näkymät heikkenevät nopeasti. Tulevaisuuden talouskasvu jää aiempia odotuksiamme hitaammaksi, ja Intian rupia heikkenee. Intian talouden ongelmiin ei ole nopeaa ratkaisua. Ylikuumenemista ja hidastumista yhtä aikaa Intian talouskasvu on hidastunut rajusti ja tällä hetkellä BKT kasvaa alle 5 prosentin vuosivauhtia, kun keskimääräinen kasvuvauhti oli 8,6 prosenttia. Kasvun hidastumisesta huolimatta inflaatio on nopeaa, mikä viittaa ylikuumenemiseen. Tämä yhtälö on mahdollinen, sillä Intian infrastruktuuri on vanhanaikaista, varsinkin energiantuotanto kärsii pullonkauloista ja osin korruptoitunut hallinto on jäykkä ja byrokraattinen. Pääministeri Manmohan Singh yrittää vakuutella yritysmaailmalle, että nopeita uudistuksia ja infrastruktuurihankkeita on tulossa, mutta hän on menettänyt uskottavuutensa. Uudistusohjelma todennäköisesti hyllytetään yli seuraavien vaalien, joiden pitäisi olla toukokuussa Lisäksi parlamentin johtava puolue saattaa lisätä taloudellista tukea maaseudulle väestölle varmistaakseen vaalivoittoaan, mikä pahentaa julkisen talouden tilaa. stagnaatio todennäköisesti lisää parlamentin paineita tehdä kasvua tukevia uudistuksia. Näin tapahtui 1990-luvun alussa, kun talouskriisi mahdollisti nykyiselle pääministerille, joka silloin toimi valtiovarainministerinä, reformien läpiviemisen. Näiden uudistusten jälkeen talous kasvoi nopeasti pitkän aikaa. Tuo aika näyttää kuitenkin päättyneen. Kasvu voisi elpyä uudistuksista Taloudelliset reformit voivat käynnistää uudelleen Intian talouskasvun. Lyhyellä aikavälillä parempi liiketoimintaympäristö voi palauttaa ulkomailta Intiaan liikkuneet pääomavirrat. Tämä helpottaisi Intian rupian heikentymispaineita ja kasvattaisi pidemmän ajan kasvupotentiaalia. Talouden Handelsbankenin korko- ja valuuttaennusteet Keskuspankkikorot 10-v. valtion obligaation tuotot Valuuttakurssit kk +6 kk +12 kk kk +6 kk +12 kk kk +6 kk +12 kk Euroalue EURUSD USA USDJPY Ruotsi EURGBP Norja EURSEK Suomi EURNOK Lähde: Handelsbanken Capital Markets For full disclaimer and definitions, please refer to the end of this report.

2 Markkinakatsaus, 9. Septemberta 2013 Intian vaihtotase on ollut alijäämäinen jo pitkään, mutta tasainen pääomavirta ulkomailta on helpottanut tilannetta. Nyt Intian talouden näkymät ovat heikentyneet samalla kun odotukset USA:n rahapoliittisen elvytyksen vähentämisestä ja lopettamisesta ovat kääntäneet pääomavirrat toiseen suuntaan, poispäin Intiasta. Tämä on heikentänyt rupiaa rajusti. Yritykset, joilla on paljon ulkomaista velkaa, ovat vaikeuksissa. Lisäksi valuutan heikentyminen kiihdyttää inflaatiota entisestään. Intian keskuspankki on loukussa: se ei voi laskea korkoa elvyttääkseen taloutta, sillä inflaatio kiihtyisi lisää, eikä se voi nostaa korkoa puolustaakseen valuuttaa, sillä se hidastaisi talouskasvua entisestään. Intian keskuspankin uudelta IMF-taustaiselta pääjohtajalta Raghuram Rajanilta odotetaan paljon, mutta hänkään ei pysty ihmeisiin. Keskuspankin pääjohtaja ei pysty päättämään talouden uudistamisesta. Toistaiseksi hän on asettanut vain rajoitteita sille, kuinka paljon intialaiset yksityishenkilöt ja yritykset voivat lähettää rahaa ulkomaille. Tämä on vahinkojen minimoimista, ei hyvää politiikkaa. Tulevaisuuden talouskasvu jää aiempia odotuksiamme hitaammaksi, ja Intian rupia heikkenee enemmän kuin aiemmin oletimme. Odotamme Intian BKT:n kasvavan tänä vuonna 5 prosenttia ja pysyvän samassa kasvuvauhdissa ensi vuonna. Intian talouden ongelmiin ei ole nopeaa ratkaisua. Analyytikko Petter Lundvik, , [email protected] Päätoimittaja Tuulia Asplund, , [email protected] 2

3 Markkinakatsaus, 9. Septemberta 2013 Kalenteri: Mon, Sep 9 Period Consensus Our forecast Previous Tue, Sep 10 00:00 Norway Norway Holds Parliamentary Elections 01:50 Japan GDP q-o-q, sa Q2 1.0/ 0.7 GDP, sa ar Q2 1.0/ :30 China CPI Index (Actual-100=CPI yoy) August / PPI Index (Actual-100=PPI yoy) August / :00 Japan Consumer Confidence August :00 Finland Trade Balance July M 10:00 Norway Total Credit (C3) June / :30 Eurozone Economic Sentiment, Sentix August :45 Sweden U/E weekly PES W K 01:00 UK RICS House Price Balance August :00 Spain House prices August 0.4 / :30 China Industrial Production August / Retail Sales August /13.3 / :00 Finland Industrial Production,sa July 0.0/ :45 France Industrial Production July 0.6/ / :00 Denmark CPI August 0.2/ / 0.6 HICP August 0.3/ / :30 Sweden Industrial Production, sa July 0.5/ 1.9/ 3 10:00 Italy GDP Q2-0.2/ / -2 10:00 Norway CPI Underlying August -0.6/ / / 1.8 CPI August -0.4/3.0 / / 3 Wed, Sep 11 13:30 US NFIB Small Business Optimism August :00 Germany HICP August 0.0/1.6 0 / 1.6 CPI August 0.0/1.5 0 / :00 Sweden Unemployment Rate (PES) August Thu, Sep 12 09:00 TNS Prospera Inflation Survey 10:30 UK ILO Unemployment Rate, sa June :03 Sweden SNDO T-bill auction: 15bn 08:45 France CPI August 0.5/ / 1.1 HICP August 0.5/ / :30 Sweden Unemployment Rate, sa August CPI August 0.1/ / / 0.1 CPIF August 0.1/ / / 1.2 Unemployment Rate August Average House Prices, (SCB) August 2.227M 10:00 Italy Industrial Production, sa July 0.2/ 0.3 / :00 Eurozone Industrial Production July -0.1/ / :00 Greece Unemployment Rate June :30 US Initial Jobless Claims W36 330K 323K Import Price Index August 0.5/ 0.2 / 1 18:00 China Consumer Confidence July 97 Fri, Sep 13 19:00 US US to Sell 30-year Bonds Reopening 20:00 Monthly Budget Statement August M 06:30 Japan Industrial Production, sa July :00 Finland CPI August 0.1/1.6 0 / :30 Sweden GDP Q2-0.1/ / / :00 Norway Norges Banks regional network report 3/13 14:30 US Retail Sales less autos August 0.3/ 0.5 PPI August 0.2/1.3 0 / 2.1 PPI ex food & energy August 0.1/ / 1.2 Retail Sales Advance August 0.4/ 0.5/ :55 University of Michigan Confidence preliminary Sep :00 Business Inventories July 0.3/ 0 Lähde: Handelsbanken Capital Markets 3

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